COEVOLUTION OF HOSTS AND PARASITES
COEVOLUTION OF HOSTS AND PARASITES
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DOI：
10.1017/s0031182000055360
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发表时间：
1982-01-01
期刊：
影响因子：
2.4
通讯作者：
MAY, RM
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
ANDERSON, RM;MAY, RM
寄生虫及其宿主的共同进化不仅具有普遍的生物学意义，而且在农业、兽医和医学领域具有实际意义。令人惊讶的是，大多数医学、寄生虫学和生态学文献都用毫无根据的说法来回避这个问题，大意是“成功的”寄生虫物种进化到对宿主无害。然而，最近，一些人已经探索了宿主-寄生虫关联群体遗传学的理论方面；这些作者得出结论，这种关联可能是自然种群中发现的遗传多样性的主要原因，从血型多态性（Haldane, 1949）到一般的蛋白质多态性（Clarke, 1975, 1976）以及组织相容性系统（Duncan, Wakeland & Klein, 1980）。也有人认为，病原体可能构成了动物和植物物种有性繁殖的进化和维持的选择性力量（Jaenike, 1978; Hamilton, 1980, 1981, 1982; Bremermann, 1980）。
The coevolution of parasites and their hosts has both general biological interest and practical implications in agricultural, veterinary and medical fields. Surprisingly, most medical, parasitological and ecological texts dismiss the subject with unsupported statements to the effect that ‘successful’ parasite species evolve to be harmless to their hosts. Recently, however, several people have explored theoretical aspects of the population genetics of host-parasite associations; these authors conclude that such associations may be responsible for much of the genetic diversity found within natural populations, from blood group polymorphisms (Haldane, 1949) to protein polymorphisms in general (Clarke, 1975, 1976) and to histocompatibility systems (Duncan, Wakeland & Klein, 1980). It has also been argued that pathogens may constitute the selective force responsible for the evolution and maintenance of sexual reproduction in animal and plant species (Jaenike, 1978; Hamilton, 1980, 1981, 1982; Bremermann, 1980).