Long-term (nearly a century) effects of fertilizer, lime and rice straw compost application on active aluminum and iron and available phosphorus in paddy fields
Long-term (nearly a century) effects of fertilizer, lime and rice straw compost application on active aluminum and iron and available phosphorus in paddy fields
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DOI：
10.1016/j.geoderma.2022.115992
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发表时间：
2022-10
期刊：
影响因子：
6.1
通讯作者：
K. Ando;N. Yamaguchi;M. Kasuya;Toshiya Oga;Yoshinori Ohashi;K. Taki
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
K. Ando;N. Yamaguchi;M. Kasuya;Toshiya Oga;Yoshinori Ohashi;K. Taki
在水稻土中，由于含铁矿物的还原性溶解，植物对磷(P)的有效性在淹水期间增加。土壤化学性质是磷有效性的决定因素，在水稻长期种植后会发生变化。本研究旨在评价长期施用秸秆堆肥和熟石灰对土壤化学性质变化的影响，特别关注还原性条件下速效磷的增加。水稻栽培试验于1926年启动，目的是阐明施用矿物肥（NPK）、稻草堆肥和熟石灰对土壤性质的影响。通过Bray II法在土壤进行还原性处理和未进行还原性处理时所提取的磷的差异来评价还原性条件下磷的溶解量。连续施用不熟石灰的氮磷钾矿物肥，直至92季，酸草酸铵提取的铝和Bray II法提取的磷均较高，而还原性条件下速效磷的增加比例较低。相反，随着堆肥用量的增加，酸草酸铵提取的铁和还原条件下溶解的磷的量都增加。在淹水期间，堆肥的施用使土壤产生强烈的还原性，促进了磷在铁结合部分的溶解。然而，过量施用堆肥导致大量铁结合磷的溶解，导致铁和磷从耕地中流失。这些结果表明，过量施用秸秆堆肥和不施用熟石灰可能导致水稻土有效磷含量下降。
In paddy soils, plant availability of phosphorus (P) increases during the flooding period due to the reductive dissolution of iron (Fe)-bearing minerals on which P is sorbed. Soil chemical properties are a determining factor of P availability and are subject to change after prolonged paddy rice cultivation. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of long-term application of rice straw compost and slaked lime on changes in soil chemical properties, particularly focusing on the increase in available P under reductive conditions. The rice cultivation experiment was launched in 1926 to clarify the effects of mineral fertilizer (NPK), rice straw compost, and slaked lime application on soil properties. The amount of P solubilized under reductive conditions was evaluated by the difference in the P extracted by the Bray II method with and without reductive treatment of the soil. Continuous application of NPK mineral fertilizer without slaked lime resulted in higher amounts of aluminum extracted by acid ammonium oxalate and P extracted by the Bray II method until the 92ndcropping, while the increase in the proportion of available P under reductive conditions was low. In contrast, the amounts of Fe extracted by acid ammonium oxalate and P solubilized under reductive conditions were higher with increasing application of compost. The application of the compost caused strongly reductive conditions in the soil during the flooding period, and the dissolution of P in the Fe-bound fraction was facilitated. However, excessive application of compost led to the dissolution of high amounts of Fe-bound P, resulting in a loss of Fe and P from the cultivated soil. These results suggest that excessive application of rice straw compost and no application of slaked lime may cause a decrease in available P in paddy soils.