From thermal catalysis to plasma catalysis: a review of surface processes and their characterizations
From thermal catalysis to plasma catalysis: a review of surface processes and their characterizations
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DOI：
10.1088/1361-6463/abe572
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发表时间：
2021-03
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Shiqiang Zhang;G. Oehrlein
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Shiqiang Zhang;G. Oehrlein
利用常压等离子体增强催化化学反应涉及由等离子体产生的通量与催化剂表面相互作用引起的复杂表面过程。等离子体催化的工业实施需要优化等离子体催化反应器的设计和实现，使化学反应优于传统的热催化方法。这需要从实验研究和理论分析或计算建模方面对等离子体催化的基本等离子体-表面相互作用机制有基本的了解。此外，与传统的热催化相比，实验结果对于验证等离子体催化的相关理论模型和假设是必不可少的。这篇综述集中在两个重要的应用领域，固氮和甲烷重整，并提出了在使用等离子体催化或传统热催化时，这些应用的知识状态的重要方面的比较。从等离子体诱导的协同效应和原位催化剂再生等方面讨论了等离子体催化相对于热催化的潜在优势。等离子体催化反应器中催化剂的原位/操作表面表征是一个重大挑战，因为实际等离子体催化系统的高压阻碍了许多在低压环境下操作的标准表面表征技术的应用。我们对等离子体催化气-表面相互作用机制的实验方法的现状进行了综述，包括对将表面诊断工具集成到等离子体催化反应器中的演示方法的评估。等离子体催化反应器中催化剂的表面表征需要对等离子体源、催化剂形式和相关表征工具进行全面的仪器选择。我们通过提出关于等离子体催化自组织模式的开放性问题来总结这篇综述。
The use of atmospheric pressure plasma to enhance catalytic chemical reactions involves complex surface processes induced by the interactions of plasma-generated fluxes with catalyst surfaces. Industrial implementation of plasma catalysis necessitates optimizing the design and realization of plasma catalytic reactors that enable chemical reactions that are superior to conventional thermal catalysis approaches. This requires the fundamental understanding of essential plasma-surface interaction mechanisms of plasma catalysis from the aspect of experimental investigation and theoretical analysis or computational modeling. In addition, experimental results are essential to validate the relative theoretical models and hypotheses of plasma catalysis that was rarely understood so far, compared to conventional thermal catalysis. This overview focuses on two important application areas, nitrogen fixation and methane reforming, and presents a comparison of important aspects of the state of knowledge of these applications when performed using either plasma-catalysis or conventional thermal catalysis. We discuss the potential advantage of plasma catalysis over thermal catalysis from the aspects of plasma induced synergistic effect and in situ catalyst regeneration. In-situ/operando surface characterization of catalysts in plasma catalytic reactors is a significant challenge since the high pressure of realistic plasma catalysis systems preclude the application of many standard surface characterization techniques that operate in a low-pressure environment. We present a review of the status of experimental approaches to probe gas-surface interaction mechanisms of plasma catalysis, including an appraisal of demonstrated approaches for integrating surface diagnostic tools into plasma catalytic reactors. Surface characterizations of catalysts in plasma catalytic reactors demand thorough instrumentations of choices of plasma sources, catalyst forms, and the relative characterization tools. We conclude this review by presenting open questions on self-organized patterns in plasma catalysis.