Climate Change Mitigation Measures in the Agro-forestry Sector and Biodiversity Futures Abatement and Transaction Costs of Carbon-sink Projects Involving Smallholders Abatement and Transaction Costs of Carbon-sink Projects Involving Smallholders
Climate Change Mitigation Measures in the Agro-forestry Sector and Biodiversity Futures Abatement and Transaction Costs of Carbon-sink Projects Involving Smallholders Abatement and Transaction Costs of Carbon-sink Projects Involving Smallholders
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农林业部门气候变化减缓措施和生物多样性期货 涉及小农的碳汇项目的减排和交易成本 涉及小农的碳汇项目的减排和交易成本
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通讯作者：
O. Cacho
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作者：
O. Cacho
农林复合项目有可能通过充当温室气体的汇来帮助减缓全球变暖。然而，参与碳汇项目可能会受到高成本的限制。对于涉及发展中国家小农户的项目，这一问题可能特别严重。特别令人关切的是，在开发项目、计量、核证和出售这些项目产生的固碳服务方面产生的交易费用。本文通过分析碳固存项目中交易和减排成本的影响来解决这些问题。开发了一个项目参与模型，该模型说明了买方和卖方愿意参与涉及长期承诺的碳交易的条件。该模型用于确定关键的项目设计变量（最小项目规模，碳农场价格，参与农场的最小面积）。一个项目可行性边界（PFF）的推导，它显示了最小的项目规模是可行的任何给定的碳市场价格。PFF用于分析《京都议定书》的清洁发展机制施加的交易成本如何影响项目的可行性。
Agroforestry projects have the potential to help mitigate global warming by acting as sinks for greenhouse gasses. However, participation in carbon-sink projects may be constrained by high costs. This problem may be particularly severe for projects involving smallholders in developing countries. Of particular concern are the transaction costs incurred in developing projects, measuring, certifying and selling the carbon-sequestration services generated by such projects. This paper addresses these issues by analysing the implications of transaction and abatement costs in carbon-sequestration projects. A model of project participation is developed, which accounts for the conditions under which both buyers and sellers would be willing to engage in a carbon transaction that involves a long-term commitment. The model is used to identify critical project-design variables (minimum project size, farm price of carbon, minimum area of participating farms). A project feasibility frontier (PFF) is derived, which shows the minimum project size that is feasible for any given market price of carbon. The PFF is used to analyse how the transaction costs imposed by the Clean Development Mechanism of the Kyoto Protocol affect project feasibility.