Global biogeographic patterns of avian morphological diversity
Global biogeographic patterns of avian morphological diversity
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DOI：
10.1111/ele.13905
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发表时间：
2022-03-01
期刊：
影响因子：
8.8
通讯作者：
Thomas, Gavin H.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Hughes, Emma C.;Edwards, David P.;Thomas, Gavin H.
了解生物地理模式、进化和环境驱动因素、支持形态多样性是确定其起源和保护的关键。利用从博物馆收藏的8353种鸟类中提取的一套全面的连续形态特征，包括几何形态测量喙形状数据，我们发现，即使在控制了物种丰富度之后，鸟类形态多样性在全球范围内也是不均匀的，在高度多样化的热带热点地区物种格外密集。在区域层面上，这些地区也具有较高的形态变异，物种表现出较高的表型多样性。进化史可能在形成这些模式中发挥了关键作用，进化上的老年物种有助于生态位的扩大，而年轻物种则有助于生态位填充。综上所述，这些结果表明，热带地区既是表型多样性的“摇篮”，也是“博物馆”。
Understanding the biogeographical patterns, and evolutionary and environmental drivers, underpinning morphological diversity are key for determining its origins and conservation. Using a comprehensive set of continuous morphological traits extracted from museum collections of 8353 bird species, including geometric morphometric beak shape data, we find that avian morphological diversity is unevenly distributed globally, even after controlling for species richness, with exceptionally dense packing of species in hyper-diverse tropical hotspots. At the regional level, these areas also have high morphological variance, with species exhibiting high phenotypic diversity. Evolutionary history likely plays a key role in shaping these patterns, with evolutionarily old species contributing to niche expansion, and young species contributing to niche packing. Taken together, these results imply that the tropics are both 'cradles' and 'museums' of phenotypic diversity.