Genomic and non-genomic effects of androgens in the cardiovascular system: clinical implications.
Genomic and non-genomic effects of androgens in the cardiovascular system: clinical implications.
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DOI：
10.1042/cs20170090
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发表时间：
2017-07-01
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Touyz RM
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Lucas-Herald AK;Alves-Lopes R;Montezano AC;Ahmed SF;Touyz RM
主要的甾体雄激素是睾酮及其代谢物5α-二氢睾酮（DHT），后者由睾酮通过5α-还原酶转化而来。通过经典的雄激素穿过质膜并与雄激素受体（AR）结合的途径或通过不依赖于核受体的配体依赖性反式激活功能的机制，睾酮分别诱导基因组和非基因组效应。AR广泛分布于多种组织中，包括血管内皮细胞和平滑肌细胞。雄激素是许多发育和生理过程所必需的，特别是在雄性生殖组织中。现在已经清楚，雄激素除了性别分化和性成熟之外还具有多种作用，并且许多生理系统受到雄激素的影响，包括心血管功能的调节[一氧化氮（NO）释放、Ca 2+动员、血管凋亡、肥大、钙化、衰老和活性氧（ROS）产生]。本文综述了睾酮的基因组和非基因组作用之间的相互作用可能影响心血管功能的证据。
The principle steroidal androgens are testosterone and its metabolite 5α-dihydrotestosterone (DHT), which is converted from testosterone by the enzyme 5α-reductase. Through the classic pathway with androgens crossing the plasma membrane and binding to the androgen receptor (AR) or via mechanisms independent of the ligand-dependent transactivation function of nuclear receptors, testosterone induces genomic and non-genomic effects respectively. AR is widely distributed in several tissues, including vascular endothelial and smooth muscle cells. Androgens are essential for many developmental and physiological processes, especially in male reproductive tissues. It is now clear that androgens have multiple actions besides sex differentiation and sexual maturation and that many physiological systems are influenced by androgens, including regulation of cardiovascular function [nitric oxide (NO) release, Ca2+ mobilization, vascular apoptosis, hypertrophy, calcification, senescence and reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation]. This review focuses on evidence indicating that interplay between genomic and non-genomic actions of testosterone may influence cardiovascular function.