Factors associated with child malnutrition in mountainous ethnic minority communities in Lao PDR
Factors associated with child malnutrition in mountainous ethnic minority communities in Lao PDR
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DOI：
10.1080/16549716.2020.1785736
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发表时间：
2020-07-30
影响因子：
2.6
通讯作者：
Broerse, Jacqueline E. W.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Boulom, Sayvisene;Essink, Dirk R.;Broerse, Jacqueline E. W.
背景：尽管在许多中低收入国家，营养不良情况正在稳步减少，但在偏远社区，如老挝人民民主共和国山区的社区，营养问题仍然存在。这些地区与世隔绝，获取食物、医疗保健及其他公共服务的途径有限，当地饮食在数量和种类上都很匮乏。指导政策和规划所需的数据也很缺乏。
目的：本研究旨在确定老挝人民民主共和国偏远山区社区12 - 47个月儿童营养不良的程度及其相关因素。
方法：在沙湾拿吉省农县进行了一项横断面调查，涵盖173户家庭，涉及户主、母亲及其12 - 47个月的儿童。
结果：在研究的173名儿童中，营养不良的患病率非常高：72.8%发育迟缓，50.3%体重不足，10.4%消瘦。与营养状况呈显著正相关的关键因素包括资产（手机或电动碾米机）、非木材林产品的采集以及家庭饮食多样性。与患疟疾的经历以及大量食用白色根茎类食物呈负相关。营养不良的直接原因很普遍；一半的儿童所有微量和大量营养素摄入不足。疾病非常普遍；30%的儿童近期发过烧。这些村庄的家庭情况相当相似。在营养不良的原因方面得分都很高；90%的家庭存在粮食不安全问题，几乎所有家庭都生活在贫困线以下，近三分之二的户主和几乎所有母亲都没有接受过教育。
结论：本研究确定了影响儿童营养不良的多种因素，包括家庭食物多样性低、粮食不安全以及生活在资源有限的困难环境中的少数民族不良的喂养方式。这些贫困社区的儿童营养不良情况很复杂。需要在不同部门进行干预，包括农业生产、喂养知识和卫生服务等方面。
Background: Although in many low- and middle-income countries undernutrition is steadily decreasing, nutritional challenges persist in remote communities, such as those in mountainous areas of Lao PDR. Isolated, with limited access to food and to health care and other public services, local diets are low in both quantity and diversity. Data needed to guide policy and planning are lacking.Objectives: The study aimed to identify the extent of malnutrition and associated factors among children aged 12-47 months in remote mountainous communities in Lao PDR.Methods: A cross-sectional survey was conducted in Nong district, Savannakhet province, covering 173 households, involving heads of households, mothers and their children aged 12-47 months.Results: The prevalence of undernutrition was very high among the 173 children studied: 72.8% were stunted, 50.3% underweight and 10.4% wasted. Key factors showing significant positive associations with nutritional status were assets (mobile phone or electric rice mill), collection of non-timber forest products, and household dietary diversity. Negative associations were found with experience of malaria and consuming high amounts of white roots and tubers. Immediate causes of malnutrition were prevalent; half the children had insufficient consumption of all micro- and macronutrients. Diseases were highly prevalent; 30% had recently experienced fever. The households in these villages were quite homogeneous. All scored high on causes of malnutrition; 90% of households experienced food insecurity, nearly all lived below the poverty line, and almost two-thirds of household heads and nearly all mothers had had no education.Conclusion: This study identified multiple factors influencing child malnutrition, including low household food diversity, food insecurity, and poor feeding practices among ethnic minority people living in a difficult environment with limited resources. Child undernutrition in these poor communities is complex. Interventions are needed in different sectors, including agricultural production, knowledge on feeding and health services.