Long-term hepatitis B virus infection of rhesus macaques requires suppression of host immunity.

Long-term hepatitis B virus infection of rhesus macaques requires suppression of host immunity.
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恒河猴长期感染乙型肝炎病毒需要抑制宿主免疫。

DOI:
10.1038/s41467-022-30593-0
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发表时间:
2022-05-30
影响因子:
16.6
通讯作者:
--
中科院分区:
综合性期刊1区
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B型肝炎病毒感染了世界三分之一的人口,2.96亿人患有慢性感染。慢性感染导致进行性肝病,包括肝细胞癌和肝功能衰竭,并且仍然没有可靠的治愈性治疗。我们认识上的这些差距在很大程度上是由于缺乏HBV感染的动物模型。在这里,我们表明恒河猴定期清除急性乙型肝炎病毒感染,类似于成年人类,但如果免疫抑制,可能会发展为长期感染。与患者相似,我们在实验感染动物的血清中纵向检测HBV DNA、HBV表面抗原和HBV e抗原。此外,我们还发现了HBV在肝脏中感染的标志,包括RNA转录、HBV核心和HBV表面抗原翻译以及共价闭合环状DNA生物合成。这种临床前动物模型将有助于加速新兴的HBV治愈性疗法进入临床。在这里,Biswas等人提出并描述了恒河猴中HBV感染的第二代模型,表明延长的感染需要抑制宿主免疫。
Hepatitis B virus has infected a third of the world’s population, and 296 million people are living with chronic infection. Chronic infection leads to progressive liver disease, including hepatocellular carcinoma and liver failure, and there remains no reliable curative therapy. These gaps in our understanding are due, in large part, to a paucity of animal models of HBV infection. Here, we show that rhesus macaques regularly clear acute HBV infection, similar to adult humans, but can develop long-term infection if immunosuppressed. Similar to patients, we longitudinally detected HBV DNA, HBV surface antigen, and HBV e antigen in the serum of experimentally infected animals. In addition, we discovered hallmarks of HBV infection in the liver, including RNA transcription, HBV core and HBV surface antigen translation, and covalently closed circular DNA biogenesis. This pre-clinical animal model will serve to accelerate emerging HBV curative therapies into the clinic. Here, Biswas et al. present and characterize a second-generation model of HBV infection in rhesus macaques, showing that extended infection requires suppression of host immunity.
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