Leucine Metabolism in T Cell Activation: mTOR Signaling and Beyond
Leucine Metabolism in T Cell Activation: mTOR Signaling and Beyond
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T细胞活化中的亮氨酸代谢：mTOR信号转导及其他
DOI：
10.3945/an.115.011221
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发表时间：
2016-07-01
影响因子：
9.3
通讯作者：
Hutson, Susan M.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Ananieva, Elitsa A.;Powell, Jonathan D.;Hutson, Susan M.
随着人们对免疫反应代谢调控的日益关注，本文讨论了目前对亮氨酸和亮氨酸代谢在T淋巴细胞(T细胞)激活中的作用的理解进展。免疫反应发生过程中T细胞的激活依赖于新陈代谢的重新编程，以确保高增殖的T细胞吸收足够的营养和能量。亮氨酸被认为是一种重要的必需氨基酸和营养信号，它激活哺乳动物雷帕霉素靶标复合体1(MTORC1)，它是T细胞增殖、分化和功能的关键调节因子。有关氨基酸转运体、亮氨酸降解酶和亮氨酸代谢的其他代谢物，进一步讨论了亮氨酸在这些过程中的作用。提出了一个新的亮氨酸调节T细胞的模型，并概述了导致T细胞中mTORC1激活的一系列事件。
In connection with the increasing interest in metabolic regulation of the immune response, this review discusses current advances in understanding the role of leucine and leucine metabolism in T lymphocyte (T cell) activation. T cell activation during the development of an immune response depends on metabolic reprogramming to ensure that sufficient nutrients and energy are taken up by the highly proliferating T cells. Leucine has been described as an important essential amino acid and a nutrient signal that activates complex 1 of the mammalian target of rapamycin (mTORC1), which is a critical regulator of T cell proliferation, differentiation, and function. The role of leucine in these processes is further discussed in relation to amino acid transporters, leucine-degrading enzymes, and other metabolites of leucine metabolism. A new model of T cell regulation by leucine is proposed and outlines a chain of events that leads to the activation of mTORC1 in T cells.