The Hot and Energetic Universe: Astrophysics of feedback in local AGN
The Hot and Energetic Universe: Astrophysics of feedback in local AGN
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2013-06
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通讯作者：
M. Cappi;C. Done;E. Behar;S. Bianchi;V. Braito;E. Costantini;M. Dadina;C. Feruglio;F. Fiore;S. Gallagher;P. Gandhi;N. Grosso;J. Kaastra;A. King;A. Lobban;R. Maiolino;E. Piconcelli;G. Ponti;D. Porquet;K. Pounds;D. Proga;P. Ranalli;J. Reeves;G. Risaliti;P. R. Hidalgo;E. Rovilos;S. Sim;G. Stewart;F. Tombesi;T. Tsuru;S. Vaughan;D. Wang;D. Worrall
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作者：
M. Cappi;C. Done;E. Behar;S. Bianchi;V. Braito;E. Costantini;M. Dadina;C. Feruglio;F. Fiore;S. Gallagher;P. Gandhi;N. Grosso;J. Kaastra;A. King;A. Lobban;R. Maiolino;E. Piconcelli;G. Ponti;D. Porquet;K. Pounds;D. Proga;P. Ranalli;J. Reeves;G. Risaliti;P. R. Hidalgo;E. Rovilos;S. Sim;G. Stewart;F. Tombesi;T. Tsuru;S. Vaughan;D. Wang;D. Worrall
了解活动星系核（AGN）反馈的天体物理学是了解超大质量黑洞和星系的生长和共同演化的关键。活动星系核驱动的风/外流可能是将能量和动量从核尺度传输到宿主星系的最有效方式，通过扫除气体储层来抑制恒星形成。该领域的关键问题是：1）黑洞周围的吸积盘如何发射风/流出物，以及它们携带多少能量？ 2）风/外流中加速的能量和金属如何转移并沉积到环星系介质中？ X 射线观测是解决这些问题的独特方法，因为它们探测携带大部分动能的流出物的相位。我们展示了像 Athena+ 上的 X 射线积分场单元 (X-IFU) 这样的高通量、高光谱分辨率仪器如何通过在附近明亮 AGN 的广泛样本中确定动态时间尺度上流出的物理参数（电离态、密度、温度、丰度、速度、几何形状等）来解决这些问题。 X-IFU 还将允许对这些风对宿主星系对本地 AGN 的影响进行直接光谱成像，形成一个模板，用于了解风冲击无法解决的较高红移处的 AGN。
Understanding the astrophysics of feedback in active galactic nuclei (AGN) is key to understanding the growth and co-evolution of supermassive black holes and galaxies. AGN-driven winds/outflows are potentially the most effective way of transporting energy and momentum from the nuclear scales to the host galaxy, quenching star formation by sweeping away the gas reservoir. Key questions in this field are: 1) how do accretion disks around black holes launch winds/outflows, and how much energy do these carry? 2) How are the energy and metals accelerated in winds/outflows transferred and deposited into the circumgalactic medium? X-ray observations are a unique way to address these questions because they probe the phase of the outflows which carries most of the kinetic energy. We show how a high throughput, high spectral resolution instrument like the X-ray Integral Field Unit (X-IFU) on Athena+ will allow us to address these questions by determining the physical parameters (ionization state, density, temperature, abundances, velocities, geometry, etc.) of the outflows on a dynamical time-scale, in a broad sample of nearby bright AGN. The X-IFU will also allow direct spectral imaging of the impact of these winds on the host galaxy for local AGN, forming a template for understanding AGN at higher redshifts where wind shocks cannot be resolved.