Phytophthora niederhauserii sp nov., a polyphagous species associated with ornamentals, fruit trees and native plants in 13 countries
Phytophthora niederhauserii sp nov., a polyphagous species associated with ornamentals, fruit trees and native plants in 13 countries
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DOI：
10.3852/12-119
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发表时间：
2014-05-01
期刊：
影响因子：
2.8
通讯作者：
Degirmenci, Kemal
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Abad, Z. Gloria;Abad, Jorge A.;Degirmenci, Kemal
2001年首次从13个国家的25个无关植物科的33种植物的根、冠和茎中分离出一种非乳头状、异宗配合的疫霉属（Phytophthora），在这里被正式描述为一个新种。各种宿主的症状包括冠部和茎部腐烂、褪绿、萎蔫、叶枯病、溃疡和流胶。本种是从澳大利亚、匈牙利、以色列、意大利、日本、荷兰、挪威、南非、西班牙、台湾、土耳其、英国和美国分离的，与主要在温室中生长的灌木和草本植物有关。最常见的宿主是英国常春藤（Hedera helix）和岩蔷薇（Cistus salvifolius）。该物种与澳大利亚自然生态系统中的橡子木香（Banksia prionotes）植物、南非受影响的葡萄园（葡萄属葡萄）以及西班牙和土耳其的杏仁树（Prunus dulcis）的关联，以及广泛的不相关家族中的灌木和草本植物的感染，都是该物种广泛生态适应及其对农业和自然生态系统的潜在威胁的标志。其孢子囊持久无乳突椭圆形，菌丝囊具独特的球球状裂片，精子器具两性全性，与所描述的种不相符。基于ITS rDNA，EF-1 α和β-tub序列的系统发育分析支持该生物是一个迄今未知的物种。它与ITS分支7 b中的物种密切相关，其中最密切相关的物种是P. sojae。名称Phytophthora niederhauserii已在以前的研究中使用，但没有正式的正模描述。该名称在本手稿中通过对Phytophthora niederhauserii Z.G.的正式描述而得到验证。Abad et J.A.阿巴德，sp. nov。这个名字是为了荣誉约翰·S·博士而创造的。Niederhauser是一位著名的植物病理学家，1990年世界粮食奖获得者。
A non-papillate, heterothallic Phytophthora species first isolated in 2001 and subsequently from symptomatic roots, crowns and stems of 33 plant species in 25 unrelated botanical families from 13 countries is formally described here as a new species. Symptoms on various hosts included crown and stem rot, chlorosis, wilting, leaf blight, cankers and gumming. This species was isolated from Australia, Hungary, Israel, Italy, Japan, the Netherlands, Norway, South Africa, Spain, Taiwan, Turkey, the United Kingdom and United States in association with shrubs and herbaceous ornamentals grown mainly in greenhouses. The most prevalent hosts are English ivy (Hedera helix) and Cistus (Cistus salvifolius). The association of the species with acorn banksia (Banksia prionotes) plants in natural ecosystems in Australia, in affected vineyards (Vitis vinifera) in South Africa and almond (Prunus dulcis) trees in Spain and Turkey in addition to infection of shrubs and herbaceous ornamentals in a broad range of unrelated families are a sign of a wide ecological adaptation of the species and its potential threat to agricultural and natural ecosystems. The morphology of the persistent non-papillate ellipsoid sporangia, unique toruloid lobate hyphal swellings and amphigynous antheridia does not match any of the described species. Phylogenetic analysis based on sequences of the ITS rDNA, EF-1 alpha, and beta-tub supported that this organism is a hitherto unknown species. It is closely related to species in ITS clade 7b with the most closely related species being P. sojae. The name Phytophthora niederhauserii has been used in previous studies without the formal description of the holotype. This name is validated in this manuscript with the formal description of Phytophthora niederhauserii Z.G. Abad et J.A. Abad, sp. nov. The name is coined to honor Dr John S. Niederhauser, a notable plant pathologist and the 1990 World Food Prize laureate.