Tuning the ribosome: The influence of rRNA modification on eukaryotic ribosome biogenesis and function.
Tuning the ribosome: The influence of rRNA modification on eukaryotic ribosome biogenesis and function.
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DOI：
10.1080/15476286.2016.1259781
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发表时间：
2017-09-02
期刊：
影响因子：
4.1
通讯作者：
Bohnsack MT
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Sloan KE;Warda AS;Sharma S;Entian KD;Lafontaine DLJ;Bohnsack MT
rRNA在其转录和随后在核仁、细胞核和细胞质中成熟期间被广泛修饰。通过snoRNA引导或通过独立酶安装的RNA修饰通常稳定核糖体的结构。然而，它们也聚集在核糖体的功能重要位点，如肽基转移酶中心和解码位点，在那里它们促进有效和准确的蛋白质合成。最近发现的亚化学计量2′-O-甲基化和假尿苷酸化位点推翻了所有rRNA修饰都组成性存在于核糖体上的观点，突出了核苷酸修饰是核糖体异质性的重要来源。虽然调节部分修饰的机制和专门的核糖体的功能在很大程度上是未知的，rRNA修饰模式的变化已被观察到在响应环境变化，在发展过程中，和疾病。这表明rRNA修饰可能有助于基因表达的翻译控制。
rRNAs are extensively modified during their transcription and subsequent maturation in the nucleolus, nucleus and cytoplasm. RNA modifications, which are installed either by snoRNA-guided or by stand-alone enzymes, generally stabilize the structure of the ribosome. However, they also cluster at functionally important sites of the ribosome, such as the peptidyltransferase center and the decoding site, where they facilitate efficient and accurate protein synthesis. The recent identification of sites of substoichiometric 2′-O-methylation and pseudouridylation has overturned the notion that all rRNA modifications are constitutively present on ribosomes, highlighting nucleotide modifications as an important source of ribosomal heterogeneity. While the mechanisms regulating partial modification and the functions of specialized ribosomes are largely unknown, changes in the rRNA modification pattern have been observed in response to environmental changes, during development, and in disease. This suggests that rRNA modifications may contribute to the translational control of gene expression.
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