The impact of who you know and where you live on opinions about AIDS and health care.
The impact of who you know and where you live on opinions about AIDS and health care.
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您认识的人以及您居住的地方对有关艾滋病和医疗保健的看法的影响。
DOI：
10.1016/0277-9536(91)90146-4
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发表时间：
1991
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Maguire,BT
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Gerbert,B;Sumser,J;Maguire,BT
我们假设，对于认识艾滋病患者的人来说，艾滋病毒时代公众对艾滋病和医疗保健安全的态度会更加积极。此外，我们认为，生活在艾滋病高发地区会导致更有利的态度。为了检验这些假设，我们进行了电话采访，随机抽样的2000名美国成年人（响应率= 75%）在1988年夏天。总体而言，19.5%的受访者表示，他们认识艾滋病患者或艾滋病病毒感染者。生活在低流行率地区的人中有13%报告说认识艾滋病患者，而在高流行率地区，这一比例为27%。在总样本中，38%的人表示知道他们认为有风险的人。认识艾滋病患者的人不太可能说，如果他们的医生是艾滋病毒感染者或已知正在治疗感染者，他们会更换医生或牙医。了解艾滋病患者也与更大的容忍艾滋病患者继续工作，如果他们能够和较低的认识，在卫生保健环境中传播的风险。多元回归分析表明，个人接触更积极的态度。与我们的假设相反，生活在高流行地区对态度没有独立的影响。这一令人惊讶的发现表明，在控制了与艾滋病患者的个人接触之后，一个人的生活并不影响态度。因为让艾滋病患者与其他人接触可能会产生积极的结果，我们建议使用这种策略实施干预措施。
We hypothesized that public attitudes towards AIDS and the safety of health care in the era of HIV would be more positive for people who knew someone with AIDS. We believed, moreover, that living in areas with high AIDS prevalence would result in more favorable attitudes. To test these hypotheses, we conducted telephone interviews with a random sample of 2000 U.S. adults (response rate = 75%) in summer 1988. Overall 19.5% of respondents said that they knew someone with AIDS or the AIDS virus. Thirteen percent of people who lived in low prevalence areas reported knowing someone with AIDS, compared with 27% of those in areas of high prevalence. Of the total sample, 38% reported knowing someone they believed was at risk. People who knew someone with AIDS were less likely to say they would change physicians or dentists if their provider was HIV infected or was known to be treating people who were infected. Knowing someone with AIDS was also associated with greater tolerance for those with AIDS to continue to work if they were able and with lower perception of risk of transmission in health care settings. Multivariate regression analyses indicated that personal contact was related to more positive attitudes. Counter to our hypothesis, living in a high prevalence area had no independent effect on attitudes. This surprising finding suggests that, after controlling for personal contact with someone with AIDS, where one lives does not influence attitudes. Because bringing people with AIDS into contact with others may have positive outcomes, we suggest implementation of interventions using this strategy.