Laboratory diagnosis of influenza -: virology or serology?
Laboratory diagnosis of influenza -: virology or serology?
复制标题
DOI：
10.1007/s00430-002-0137-y
复制
发表时间：
2002-12-01
影响因子：
5.4
通讯作者：
Doerr, HW
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Allwinn, R;Preiser, W;Doerr, HW
虽然经典流感是一种临床上典型的疾病（“不变的疾病由于变化的代理”），实验室调查是必不可少的，在每一个流感流行的开始。他们应确认疑似流感病例，并排除可能由许多其他病毒和细菌引起的“流感样疾病”。不同的病毒学和血清学方法是可用的。对于急性流感病毒感染的早期诊断，已经开发了使用病毒分离或抗原染色的快速程序和分子生物学技术的病毒检测。特异性抗体（IgG、IgM）的测定传统上广泛用于诊断。常规血清学诊断可通过补体结合和血凝抑制试验进行，并可分别检测类型特异性抗体和亚型特异性抗体。作为自动血清学的一部分，免疫荧光试验和酶联免疫吸附试验是最广泛使用的方法。相比之下，对于流感病毒感染的诊断，病毒检测明显上级于抗体测定。然而，抗体检测可能是有用的作为一种补充工具，以确认诊断回顾性。
Although classical influenza is a clinically typical illness ("unchanging disease due to a changing agent"), laboratory investigations are essential at the beginning of each influenza epidemic. They should confirm suspected influenza cases and exclude "flu-like illnesses" which may be caused by numerous other viral and bacterial agents. Different virological as well as serological methods are available. For early diagnosis of acute influenza virus infections, virus detection using rapid procedures for virus isolation or antigen staining and molecular biological techniques have been developed. The determination of specific antibodies (IgG, IgM) has traditionally been widely used diagnostically. Conventional serological diagnosis is possible by means of the complement fixation and hemagglutination inhibition tests and allows the detection of type- and subtype-specific antibodies, respectively. As part of an automated serology, immunofluorescence test and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay are the mostly widely available methods. In comparison, virus detection is clearly superior to antibody determination for diagnosis of influenza virus infections. However, antibody testing may be useful as a complementary tool to confirm the diagnosis retrospectively.