Challenges for nationwide vaccine delivery in African countries
Challenges for nationwide vaccine delivery in African countries
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DOI：
10.1007/s10754-017-9229-5
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发表时间：
2018-06-01
影响因子：
2.4
通讯作者：
Songane, Mario
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Songane, Mario
疫苗在提供个人和社区（群体）对一系列疾病的免疫力方面非常有效。除了预防一系列疾病外，疫苗还具有社会和经济效益。然而，要使疫苗有效，必须定期实施常规免疫规划，以确保个人和社区得到保护。然而，在非洲许多国家，疫苗接种覆盖率很低，因为政府难以向最偏远地区提供疫苗，从而导致各种疫苗可预防疾病不断爆发。由于政策制定、规划管理和筹资、供应链、全球疫苗市场、疫苗研发等关键领域的许多问题，非洲各国政府未能向很大比例的目标人口提供疫苗。这篇综述概述了这些问题的原因以及目前正在采取的解决这些问题的措施。本次审查将讨论比尔和梅林达·盖茨基金会等慈善组织以及全球疫苗和免疫联盟等全球伙伴关系在疫苗开发、购买和交付方面的作用。
Vaccines are very effective in providing individual and community (herd) immunity against a range of diseases. In addition to protection against a range of diseases, vaccines also have social and economic benefits. However, for vaccines to be effective, routine immunization programmes must be undertaken regularly to ensure individual and community protection. Nonetheless, in many countries in Africa, vaccination coverage is low because governments struggle to deliver vaccines to the most remote areas, thus contributing to constant outbreaks of various vaccine-preventable diseases. African governments fail to deliver vaccines to a significant percentage of the target population due to many issues in key areas such as policy setting, programme management and financing, supply chain, global vaccine market, research and development of vaccines. This review gives an overview of the causes of these issues and what is currently being done to address them. This review will discuss the role of philanthropic organisations such as the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation and global partnerships such as the global alliance for vaccines and immunizations in the development, purchase and delivery of vaccines.