From the alcoholic to the sensible drinker
From the alcoholic to the sensible drinker
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从酗酒者到理性饮酒者
DOI：
10.7765/9781526132123.00010
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发表时间：
2020
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Alexander Mold
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Alexander Mold
几个世纪以来，酒精的消费一直在挑战当代的平衡观念。从加伦和葡萄酒对四种幽默的影响，到21世纪人们对酗酒和与酒精相关的暴力的担忧，太多的酒精破坏了个人和周围社会的平衡。然而，多少是太多的问题，过度饮酒的后果可能是什么，以及如何处理结果的问题不太稳定。本章思考了平衡的概念是如何在20世纪70年代和80年代的英国酒精健康教育中发挥作用的。这项研究表明，旨在促进“合理饮酒”的活动的开展反映出，人们不再关注那些已经出现酒精问题的人，而是主要是酗酒者和酗酒者。这一举措得到了公共卫生理念和实践的变化的支持。在此期间，个人行为越来越被视为公共卫生问题的起因和治疗方法。吸烟、暴饮暴食和饮酒等行为与心脏病、糖尿病和癌症等常见疾病联系在一起，意味着个人及其行为成为公共卫生当局合法的攻击目标。然而，就促进个人行为改变的最佳方法达成一致的问题要大得多。个人是否有能力对自己的健康采取平衡的方法，或者他们需要被操纵才能这样做吗？
For centuries, the consumption of alcohol has challenged contemporary notions of balance. From Galen and the impact of wine on the four humours, to twenty-first-century worries about ‘binge drinking’ and alcohol-related violence, too much alcohol upsets the equilibrium of the individual and the society which surrounds them. The question of how much is too much, what the consequences of excessive alcohol consumption might be, and how to deal with the results are, however, less stable. This chapter considers how the notion of balance figured in alcohol health education in England during the 1970s and 1980s. It suggests that the development of campaigns which aimed to promote ‘sensible drinking’ reflected a shift away from focusing on those already experiencing problems with alcohol, predominantly alcoholics and heavy drinkers. This move was underpinned by changes in the philosophy and practice of public health. During this period, individual behaviour was increasingly seen as both cause and cure for public health problems. The linking of practices like smoking, overeating and alcohol consumption to common conditions such as heart disease, diabetes and cancer meant that individuals and their actions became a legitimate target for public health authorities. Agreeing on the best method for promoting individual behaviour change was, however, much more problematic. Were individuals capable of taking a balanced approach to their health, or did they need to be manoeuvred into doing so?