High-Performance Porous Silicon/Nanosilver Anodes from Industrial Low-Grade Silicon for Lithium-Ion Batteries
High-Performance Porous Silicon/Nanosilver Anodes from Industrial Low-Grade Silicon for Lithium-Ion Batteries
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用于锂离子电池的工业低品位硅制成的高性能多孔硅/纳米银阳极
DOI：
10.1021/acsami.0c14157
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发表时间：
2020-10-28
影响因子：
9.5
通讯作者：
Wang, Lianzhou
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Xi, Fengshuo;Zhang, Zhao;Wang, Lianzhou
硅（Si）因其理论比容量高达4200 mA h g（-1）而被认为是下一代锂离子电池（LIB）负极材料最有前途的候选材料之一。然而，由于缺乏可扩展且具有成本效益的方法来制备具有适当微观结构和具有竞争力的电化学性能的Si基阳极材料，因此Si阳极在商业LIB中的实际应用面临挑战。在此，我们报告了一种简便和可扩展的方法来生产嵌入纳米银颗粒（pSi/Ag）复合材料的多维多孔硅从市售的低成本医用级硅（MG-Si）粉末。这种独特的杂化结构有助于快速的电子输运，并缓解了充放电过程中硅的体积变化。pSi/Ag复合材料具有较大的首次放电容量（1A g（-1）下为3095 mAh g（-1））、优异的循环性能（1A g（-1）下50次循环后为1930 mAh g（-1））和优异的倍率容量（2A g（-1）下高达1778 mAh g（-1））。经还原氧化石墨烯修饰后，pSi/Ag@RGO复合电极在200次循环后的容量仍保持在1000 mA h g（-1）以上。该研究为高性能负极材料的生产提供了一种简单有效的策略。
Silicon (Si) has been considered as one of the most promising candidates for the next-generation lithium-ion battery (LIB) anode materials owing to its huge theoretical specific capacity of 4200 mA h g(-1). However, the practical application of Si anodes in commercial LIBs is facing challenges because of the lack of scalable and cost-effective methods to prepare Si-based anode materials with proper microstructure and competitive electrochemical performances. Herein, we report a facile and scalable method to produce multidimensional porous silicon embedded with a nanosilver particle (pSi/Ag) composite from commercially available low-cost metallurgical-grade silicon (MG-Si) powder. The unique hybrid structure contributes to fast electronic transport and relieves volume change of silicon during the charge-discharge process. The pSi/Ag composite exhibits a large initial discharge capacity (3095 mA h g(-1) at a high current of 1 A g(-1)), an excellent cycling performance (1930 mA h g-1 at 1 A g-1 after 50 cycles), and outstanding rate capacities (up to 1778 mA h g(-1) at a higher current of 2 A g(-1)). After the samples are modified by reduced graphene oxide, the capacities of the pSi/Ag@RGO composite electrode can still be maintained over 1000 mA h g(-1) after 200 cycles. This study provides a simple and effective strategy for production of high-performance anode materials.