Learning biophysical determinants of cell fate with deep neural networks

Learning biophysical determinants of cell fate with deep neural networks
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使用深度神经网络学习细胞命运的生物物理决定因素

DOI:
10.1038/s42256-022-00503-6
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发表时间:
2022
影响因子:
23.8
通讯作者:
Soelistyo C
Soelistyo C
中科院分区:
计算机科学1区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Soelistyo C

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深度学习现在是显微镜数据分析的强大工具,通常用于图像处理应用,如分割和去噪。然而,由于内部表示的复杂性,它很少被用于直接学习生物系统的机械模型。在这里,我们开发了一种端到端的机器学习方法,能够直接从大量的延时显微镜数据中学习复杂生物现象细胞竞争的可解释模型。细胞竞争是一种质量控制机制,它从组织中消除不合适的细胞,在此期间,细胞命运被认为是由局部细胞邻居随时间的推移而决定的。为了研究这一点,我们开发了一种新的方法(τ-VAE),通过将概率编码器耦合到时间卷积网络来预测上皮中每个细胞的命运。利用τ-VAE对局部组织结构的潜在表征和网络中的信息流,我们解码了负责正确预测细胞竞争中命运的物理参数。值得注意的是,该模型自主学习细胞密度是预测细胞命运的最重要因素,这一结论与我们目前对十多年科学研究的理解一致。最后,为了测试学习到的内部表征,我们在存在阻断参与竞争的信号通路的药物的情况下进行实验来挑战网络。我们提出了一种新的神经网络,它使用τ-VAE的预测可以识别偏离正常行为的条件,为自动化,机制感知的药物筛选铺平了道路。
Deep learning is now a powerful tool in microscopy data analysis, and is routinely used for image processing applications such as segmentation and denoising. However, it has rarely been used to directly learn mechanistic models of a biological system, owing to the complexity of the internal representations. Here, we develop an end-to-end machine learning approach capable of learning an explainable model of a complex biological phenomenon, cell competition, directly from a large corpus of time-lapse microscopy data. Cell competition is a quality control mechanism that eliminates unfit cells from a tissue, during which cell fate is thought to be determined by the local cellular neighbourhood over time. To investigate this, we developed a new approach (τ-VAE) by coupling a probabilistic encoder to a temporal convolution network to predict the fate of each cell in an epithelium. Using theτ-VAE’s latent representation of the local tissue organization and the flow of information in the network, we decode the physical parameters responsible for correct prediction of fate in cell competition. Remarkably, the model autonomously learns that cell density is the single most important factor in predicting cell fate—a conclusion that is in agreement with our current understanding from over a decade of scientific research. Finally, to test the learned internal representation, we challenge the network with experiments performed in the presence of drugs that block signalling pathways involved in competition. We present a novel discriminator network, which using the predictions of theτ-VAE can identify conditions that deviate from the normal behaviour, paving the way for automated, mechanism-aware drug screening.
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发表时间: 2023
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发表时间: 2008
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影响因子: --
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DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m414221200
发表时间: 2005-05-20
影响因子: 4.8
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