Introduction: Applying Chemical Biology to Ion Channels.
Introduction: Applying Chemical Biology to Ion Channels.
复制标题
简介：将化学生物学应用于离子通道。
DOI：
10.1007/978-1-4939-2845-3_1
复制
发表时间：
2015
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Ahern,ChristopherA
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Pless,StephanA;Ahern,ChristopherA
离子通道是跨膜蛋白质，它控制离子通过水通道穿过生物膜的流动。该孔的打开或关闭可以由无数的生理输入（电压、配体、温度、代谢物、pH）控制，这又允许离子穿过膜的受控通量，从而产生微小的电信号。离子通道功能对生理过程的功能影响是巨大的。电脉冲，以动作电位或不同的化学电信号的形式，协调心脏跳动的合胞体，支持无数的神经元通信途径，胰岛素分泌，并且是免疫反应的中心，几乎每天都有更多的角色被发现。因此，离子通道功能是一个生物物理过程，在许多层面上对生物生命至关重要。目前人类已知有超过500种通道形成亚基，这一大类蛋白质也越来越被认为是重要的药物靶点，因为遗传或获得性离子通道功能障碍是已知的疾病原因。
Ion channels are membrane-spanning proteins that control the flow of ions across biological membranes through an aqueous pathway. The opening or closing of this pore can be controlled by a myriad of physiological inputs (voltage, ligands, temperature, metabolites, pH), which in turn allow for the controlled flux of ions across membranes, resulting in the generation of minute electrical signals. The functional implications of ion channel function on physiological processes are vast. Electrical impulses, in the form of action potentials or diverse chemo-electrical signals, coordinate the syncytium of the heart beat, support a myriad of neuronal communication pathways, insulin secretion, and are central to the immune response, with more roles being discovered virtually everyday. Thus, ion channel function is a biophysical process that is central to biological life at many levels. And with over 500 channel-forming subunits known today in humans, this large class of proteins is also increasingly recognised as important drug targets, as inherited or acquired ion channel dysfunction are known causes of disease.