The roles of associative and executive processes in creative cognition
The roles of associative and executive processes in creative cognition
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DOI：
10.3758/s13421-014-0428-8
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发表时间：
2014-10-01
影响因子：
2.4
通讯作者：
Benedek, Mathias
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Beaty, Roger E.;Silvia, Paul J.;Benedek, Mathias
大脑如何产生创造性的想法？过去的研究已经指出，在创造性认知的重要作用，执行和联想过程。但这些研究主要集中在一种能力或另一种能力的影响上执行能力或联想能力因此这两种能力共同影响创造性思维的程度仍不清楚。使用多元结构方程模型，我们进行了两项研究，以确定执行和联想过程在领域一般创造性认知中的相对影响（即，发散思维）。参与者完成了一系列的言语流畅性任务，他们的反应进行了分析，通过潜在语义分析（LSA）和得分的语义距离作为衡量联想能力。参与者还完成了执行功能的几项措施，包括广泛的检索能力（Gr）和流体智力（Gf）。在这两项研究中，我们发现了联想和执行能力的实质性影响：随着语言流畅性反应和线索之间的平均语义距离增加，发散思维反应的创造性质量也增加了（研究1和研究2）。此外，执行变量Gr（研究1）和Gf（研究2）预测了发散思维反应的创造性质量。重要的是，语义距离和执行功能变量的影响在预测发散性思维的同一结构方程模型中仍然很强大，这表明这两个结构的独特贡献。本研究扩展了最近的应用LSA在创造力研究和提供支持的概念，即联想和执行过程的基础上产生新的想法。
How does the mind produce creative ideas? Past research has pointed to important roles of both executive and associative processes in creative cognition. But such work has largely focused on the influence of one ability or the other-executive or associative-so the extent to which both abilities may jointly affect creative thought remains unclear. Using multivariate structural equation modeling, we conducted two studies to determine the relative influences of executive and associative processes in domain-general creative cognition (i.e., divergent thinking). Participants completed a series of verbal fluency tasks, and their responses were analyzed by means of latent semantic analysis (LSA) and scored for semantic distance as a measure of associative ability. Participants also completed several measures of executive function-including broad retrieval ability (Gr) and fluid intelligence (Gf). Across both studies, we found substantial effects of both associative and executive abilities: As the average semantic distance between verbal fluency responses and cues increased, so did the creative quality of divergent-thinking responses (Study 1 and Study 2). Moreover, the creative quality of divergent-thinking responses was predicted by the executive variables-Gr (Study 1) and Gf (Study 2). Importantly, the effects of semantic distance and the executive function variables remained robust in the same structural equation model predicting divergent thinking, suggesting unique contributions of both constructs. The present research extends recent applications of LSA in creativity research and provides support for the notion that both associative and executive processes underlie the production of novel ideas.