Role of interstitial cells of Cajal in neural control of gastrointestinal smooth muscles
Role of interstitial cells of Cajal in neural control of gastrointestinal smooth muscles
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DOI：
10.1111/j.1743-3150.2004.00485.x
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发表时间：
2004-04
影响因子：
3.5
通讯作者：
S. Ward;Kenton M. Sanders;G. Hirst
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
S. Ward;Kenton M. Sanders;G. Hirst
Cajal间质细胞(ICC)是一种特殊的细胞，分布在胃肠道肌层中的特定位置，作为电起搏器、慢波的活跃传播途径和肠道运动神经传递的媒介。最近的形态学研究表明，肠道内的运动神经传递不是通过神经和平滑肌之间定义松散的突触结构发生的，而是通过存在于静脉曲张神经末梢和肌肉内ICC之间的突触样接触(ICC-IM)来实现的。ICC-IM通过缝隙连接与平滑肌细胞偶联，在ICC中引起的电反应被传导到肌肉细胞。对缺乏ICC-IM的野生型和突变动物的胃电生理研究已经为ICC在胆碱能和氮能运动神经传递中的重要性提供了功能证据。神经末梢和ICC-IM之间的突触样接触促进了递质向ICC上特定受体的快速扩散。ICC-IM还在胃中产生单一电位，有助于胃底和胃窦的兴奋性。
Specialized cells known as interstitial cells of Cajal (ICC) are distributed in specific locations within the tunica muscularis of the gastrointestinal tract and serve as electrical pacemakers, active propagation pathways for slow waves, and mediators of enteric motor neurotransmission. Recent morphological studies have provided evidence that motor neurotransmission in the gut does not occur through loosely defined synaptic structures between nerves and smooth muscle, but rather via synaptic‐like contacts that exist between varicose nerve terminals and intramuscular ICC (ICC‐IM). ICC‐IM are coupled to smooth muscle cells via gap junctions and electrical responses elicited in ICC are conducted to muscle cells. Electrophysiological studies of the stomach of wild‐type and mutant animals that lack ICC‐IM have provided functional evidence for the importance of ICC in cholinergic and nitrergic motor neurotransmission. The synaptic‐like contacts between nerve terminals and ICC‐IM facilitate rapid diffusion of transmitters to specific receptors on ICC. ICC‐IM also play a role in generating unitary potentials in the stomach that contribute to the excitability of the gastric fundus and antrum.