The Causal Effect of Education on Health: What is the Role of Health Behaviors?
The Causal Effect of Education on Health: What is the Role of Health Behaviors?
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DOI：
10.2139/ssrn.2020147
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发表时间：
2011-12
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
G. Brunello;Margherita Fort;Nicole Schneeweis;R. Winter‐Ebmer
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
G. Brunello;Margherita Fort;Nicole Schneeweis;R. Winter‐Ebmer
我们通过区分短期和长期中介效应来调查教育对健康的因果影响以及可归因于健康行为的部分：然而，在前者中，仅考虑了近期过去的行为，在后者中，我们考虑了整个行为历史。我们使用两种识别策略：基于义务教育改革的工具变量和基于可观察技术的组合聚合、差异和选择来解决教育和行为在健康生产函数中的内生性。使用欧洲国家的面板数据，我们发现教育对50岁以上的欧洲男性和女性具有保护作用。我们发现，健康行为的中介效应——通过吸烟、饮酒、锻炼和体重指数来衡量——在短期内约占教育对健康整体影响的四分之一，而在长期内约占教育对健康整体影响的三分之一。
We investigate the causal effect of education on health and the part of it that is attributable to health behaviors by distinguishing between short-run and long-run mediating effects: whereas, in the former, only behaviors in the immediate past are taken into account, in the latter, we consider the entire history of behaviors. We use two identification strategies: instrumental variables based on compulsory schooling reforms and a combined aggregation, differencing, and selection on an observables technique to address the endogeneity of both education and behaviors in the health production function. Using panel data for European countries, we find that education has a protective effect for European men and women aged 50+. We find that the mediating effects of health behaviors-measured by smoking, drinking, exercising, and the body mass index-account in the short run for around a quarter and in the long run for around a third of the entire effect of education on health.