Rho GTPases control polarity, protrusion, and adhesion during cell movement.
Rho GTPases control polarity, protrusion, and adhesion during cell movement.
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Rho GTPases控制细胞运动过程中的极性，突出和粘附。
DOI：
10.1083/jcb.144.6.1235
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发表时间：
1999-03-22
影响因子：
7.8
通讯作者：
Hall, A
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Nobes, C D;Hall, A
在胚胎发生过程中，细胞运动对于建立组织模式以及驱动形态发生途径至关重要，在成年个体中，细胞运动对于组织修复以及引导细胞到达感染部位也很重要。动物细胞通过爬行运动，其驱动力主要来自肌动蛋白丝的协调组装和解聚。小GTP酶Rho、Rac和Cdc42调节肌动蛋白丝的组织，我们在体外伤口愈合实验中分析了它们对原代胚胎成纤维细胞运动的作用。Rac对于片足的伸出和向前运动至关重要。Cdc42是维持细胞极性所必需的，这包括将片足活动定位在前沿以及高尔基体在运动方向上的重新定向。Rho是运动过程中维持细胞黏附所必需的，但应力纤维和黏着斑不是必需的。最后，Ras调节黏着斑和应力纤维的周转，这对于细胞运动至关重要。我们得出结论，由Rho、Rac、Cdc42和Ras这四种小GTP酶控制的信号转导途径协同促进细胞运动。
Cell movement is essential during embryogenesis to establish tissue patterns and to drive morphogenetic pathways and in the adult for tissue repair and to direct cells to sites of infection. Animal cells move by crawling and the driving force is derived primarily from the coordinated assembly and disassembly of actin filaments. The small GTPases, Rho, Rac, and Cdc42, regulate the organization of actin filaments and we have analyzed their contributions to the movement of primary embryo fibroblasts in an in vitro wound healing assay. Rac is essential for the protrusion of lamellipodia and for forward movement. Cdc42 is required to maintain cell polarity, which includes the localization of lamellipodial activity to the leading edge and the reorientation of the Golgi apparatus in the direction of movement. Rho is required to maintain cell adhesion during movement, but stress fibers and focal adhesions are not required. Finally, Ras regulates focal adhesion and stress fiber turnover and this is essential for cell movement. We conclude that the signal transduction pathways controlled by the four small GTPases, Rho, Rac, Cdc42, and Ras, cooperate to promote cell movement.