Linking land and lake: Using novel geochemical techniques to understand biological response to environmental change

Linking land and lake: Using novel geochemical techniques to understand biological response to environmental change
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连接陆地和湖泊:利用新颖的地球化学技术了解生物对环境变化的反应

DOI:
10.1016/j.quascirev.2018.09.038
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发表时间:
2018
影响因子:
4
通讯作者:
Mills K
Mills K
中科院分区:
地球科学1区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Mills K

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湖泊的开发对淡水系统造成了当代的大规模影响,这主要是对集水区清理的反应。这种清除正在引起热带湖泊碳动态的变化,这可能对更广泛的碳预算具有重要意义,这取决于湖泊中陆地和水生碳的作用随时间变化所驱动的碳固存和矿化的变化。尽管人们越来越认识到碳源在碳动力学中的关键作用,但很少从古湖泊记录中区分碳源。在这里,我们使用新的地球化学技术(brGDGTs,正构烷烃,岩石热解),结合传统的分析(硅藻,花粉),来阐明随着时间和生态系统响应变化的碳来源。Nyamogusingiri湖的环境变化可分为三个阶段:第一阶段(1150-1275年)是一个浅湖和高产湖,其中多样化的陆地环境最初是主要的碳源,然后转向水生来源;第二阶段(CE 1275-1900),湖泊水位随生产力的增加而变化(总体呈下降趋势),碳源为原生碳源;第三阶段(CE 1900-2007),湖泊水位下降,碳的来源是混合的,尽管陆地碳的来源不那么多样化。有机地球化学分析提供了丰富的数据,说明水生生物对集水区和湖内变化的反应的复杂性。这些数据表明,小型热带湖泊系统具有埋藏大量碳的潜力,随着人类和气候压力的增加,这对过去和未来当地生物地球化学循环(碳、磷、氮和硅)的破坏都有影响。
The exploitation of lakes has led to large-scale contemporary impacts on freshwater systems, largely in response to catchment clearance. Such clearance is causing changes to carbon dynamics in tropical lakes which may have significance for wider carbon budgets, depending on the changes in carbon sequestration and mineralisation driven by changing roles of terrestrial and aquatic carbon in lakes over time. Despite increasing awareness of the pivotal role of carbon source in carbon dynamics, discriminating the source of carbon from a palaeolimnological record is rarely undertaken. Here we use novel geochemical techniques (brGDGTs,n-alkanes, Rock-Eval pyrolysis), paired with traditional analyses (diatoms, pollen), to elucidate changing sources of carbon through time and ecosystem response.Environmental changes at Lake Nyamogusingiri can be divided into three phases: Phase I (CE 1150–1275), a shallow and productive lake, where a diverse terrestrial environment is, initially, the main carbon source, before switching to an aquatic source; Phase II (CE 1275–1900), variable lake levels (generally in decline) with increasing productivity, and carbon is autochthonous in source; Phase III (CE 1900–2007), lake level declines, and the carbon is of a mixed source, though the terrestrially derived carbon is from a less diverse source.The organic geochemical analyses provide a wealth of data regarding the complexity of aquatic response to catchment and with-in lake changes. These data demonstrate that small, tropical lake systems have the potential to bury high quantities of carbon, which has implications for the disruption of local biogeochemical cycles (C, P, N, and Si) both in the past, and the future as human and climate pressures increase.
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