Psychological problems in terminal cancer management
Psychological problems in terminal cancer management
复制标题
癌症晚期管理中的心理问题
作者：
A. Rothenberg
根据定义，ERMINAL癌症是一种基本不受控制的进行性疾病，不可避免地导致死亡。然而，与某些致命性疾病不同的是，死亡往往在确诊后几个月甚至几年才发生，治疗的目的必须是缓解和控制死亡阶段。由于所需治疗的类型和病人的残疾程度往往需要长时间的住院治疗，医院工作人员和医院本身现在是垂死者情感体验的关键决定因素。恰当地处理情绪驱逐显然是重要的。良好的心理管理不仅仅是治疗这种疾病的辅助手段，它往往是减轻痛苦的主要因素。因此，本文将集中讨论病人与医院和病人与工作人员的相互关系，适用于医院管理的那些方面。然而，由于医患关系在许多方面与一般的医患关系相似，而且病人住院期间，家属与病人的关系仍在继续，所以这里所说的大部分内容也适用于家庭管理。关于垂死的凯末尔病人的精神病学文献非常稀少。大多数已经写过的文章都是关于病人或病人家庭中的特殊心理因素，这些因素导致了情绪上的差异。
ERMINAL cancer is, by definition, a basiT cally uncontrolled, progressive disease that inevitably leads to death. In distinction to some fatal illnesses, however, death frequently is delayed several months or even years after the diagnosis is establishcd, and treatment must be aimed at palliation and management oE the dying phase. Since the type of treatment necessary and the degree of the patient’s disability often require long PEriods of hospitali7ation, the hospital staff and the hospital itself are nowadays crucial del erminants of the emotional experience of the dying person. Proper handling ot the emotional expel ience is clearly important. Good psychological management is more than am adjuvant in the treatment of this disease i t may frequently be the major factor in alleviating suffering. This paper, therefoie, will focb 5 on those aspects of patient-hospital and patient-staff interrelationship that apply to hospital management. However, since the pa tk i t staff relationship is in many ways similar to patientdoctor relationships in general, and since the family-patient relationship continues to operate while the patient is in the hospital, much of what is said here will be applicable to home management a5 well. Psychiatric liteiature on the dying caimr patient is notably sparse. Most of what har been written has lorused on special psy hological factors operating in the patient or the patient’s family that lead to emotional dif-