Apparent inferiority of first-time breeders in the kittiwake: the role of heterogeneity among age classes
Apparent inferiority of first-time breeders in the kittiwake: the role of heterogeneity among age classes
复制标题
DOI：
10.1046/j.1365-2656.2000.00400.x
复制
发表时间：
2000-05-01
影响因子：
4.8
通讯作者：
Monnat, JY
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Cam, E;Monnat, JY
1.许多研究提供的证据表明，第一次繁殖者的存活率较低，成功或繁殖的可能性较低。经常有人提出基于生殖成本的假设来解释这一点。然而，由于年龄和经验之间的内在关系，首次育种者在群体水平上的明显劣势可能来自选择，经验可能不会影响每个个体的表现。在本文中，我们解决的问题，健身组件之间的表型相关性。这解决了个人素质的差异，这是进行甄选的先决条件。我们还检验了经验对这些组成部分的影响的假设，同时考虑到年龄和繁殖成功：两个因素可能在选择过程中发挥关键作用。利用对三趾鸥的长期研究数据，我们发现，与经验丰富的繁殖者相比，第一次繁殖的成功概率较低，存活率较低，下一年繁殖的概率也较低。然而，无论是有经验的还是没有经验的育种者，在下一年的存活率或繁殖概率都低于跳过繁殖机会的鸟类。这表明个体之间的质量异质性。失败的鸟有一个较低的生存和较低的概率繁殖在第二年无论经验。这可以用选择假说来解释。缺乏经验的繁殖者的劣势可能与较年轻年龄组中较低质量个体的比例较高有关。当年龄和繁殖成功率被控制时，没有证据表明经验对生存或未来繁殖概率的影响。使用的数据，从个人的生殖生活持续相同的年数，我们调查的影响，个人的生殖性能的经验。没有强有力的证据表明，在个人内部运行的过程可以解释在群体水平上观察到的绩效改善。
1. Many studies have provided evidence that first-time breeders have a lower survival, a lower probability of success, or of breeding, in the following year. Hypotheses based on reproductive costs have often been proposed to explain this. However, because of the intrinsic relationship between age and experience, the apparent inferiority of first-time breeders at the population level may result from selection, and experience may not influence performance within each individual. In this paper we address the question of phenotypic correlations between fitness components. This addresses differences in individual quality, a prerequisite for a selection process to occur. We also test the hypothesis of an influence of experience on these components while taking age and reproductive success into account: two factors likely to play a key role in a selection process.2. Using data from a long-term study on the kittiwake, we found that first-time breeders have a lower probability of success, a lower survival and a lower probability of breeding in the next year than experienced breeders. However, neither experienced nor inexperienced breeders have a lower survival or a lower probability of breeding in the following year than birds that skipped a breeding opportunity. This suggests heterogeneity in quality among individuals.3. Failed birds have a lower survival and a lower probability of breeding in the following year regardless of experience. This can be interpreted in the light of the selection hypothesis. The inferiority of inexperienced breeders may be linked to a higher proportion of lower-quality individuals in younger age classes. When age and breeding success are controlled for, there is no evidence of an influence of experience on survival or future breeding probability.4. Using data from individuals whose reproductive life lasted the same number of years, we investigated the influence of experience on reproductive performance within individuals. There is no strong evidence that a process operating within individuals explains the improvement in performance observed at the population level.