The emerging biology of RNA post-transcriptional modifications
The emerging biology of RNA post-transcriptional modifications
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DOI：
10.1080/15476286.2016.1267096
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发表时间：
2017-01-01
期刊：
影响因子：
4.1
通讯作者：
He, Chuan
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Nachtergaele, Sigrid;He, Chuan
人们早就知道 RNA 修饰是 tRNA 和 rRNA 正常功能的核心。虽然 mRNA 的化学修饰在几十年前就被发现了，但直到最近它们的功能在很大程度上仍然是个谜。使用与下一代测序相结合的富集策略，现在已经在各种情况下将多种修饰映射到转录组范围内。我们现在知道，RNA 修饰通过许多不同的机制影响细胞生物学，包括影响 RNA 结构、调节核糖体内的相互作用以及招募与其他信号通路交叉的特异性结合蛋白。它们也是动态的，会随着热休克和营养缺乏等应激而改变分布或水平。在这里，我们概述了最近的主题，这些主题是我们在理解真核生物中许多主要 RNA 类别的化学修饰方面取得的实质性进展而出现的。
RNA modifications have long been known to be central in the proper function of tRNA and rRNA. While chemical modifications in mRNA were discovered decades ago, their function has remained largely mysterious until recently. Using enrichment strategies coupled to next generation sequencing, multiple modifications have now been mapped on a transcriptome-wide scale in a variety of contexts. We now know that RNA modifications influence cell biology by many different mechanisms by influencing RNA structure, by tuning interactions within the ribosome, and by recruiting specific binding proteins that intersect with other signaling pathways. They are also dynamic, changing in distribution or level in response to stresses such as heat shock and nutrient deprivation. Here, we provide an overview of recent themes that have emerged from the substantial progress that has been made in our understanding of chemical modifications across many major RNA classes in eukaryotes.