Lectotypification of the threatened endemic Appalachian lichen Alectoria fallacina
Lectotypification of the threatened endemic Appalachian lichen Alectoria fallacina
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受威胁的地方性阿巴拉契亚地衣 Alectoria Fallacina 的典型分析
DOI：
10.1002/tax.12719
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发表时间：
2022
期刊：
影响因子：
3.4
通讯作者：
McMullin, R. Troy
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Lendemer, James C.;McMullin, R. Troy
Alectoria fallacina，由多产的20世纪地衣学家Josef Motyka描述，是北美东部阿巴拉契亚山脉的一个濒危物种。一种独特的未鉴定的脂肪酸作为主要的次级代谢产物的产生将A.fallacina与其同源物，特别是形态相似的A.sartosa化学分离。在这里，我们表明，虽然A. fallacinaandA. sarmentosa是完全异地的，模式收集的A. fallacinais一个混合的两个类群和正模伊萨. sarmentosa。对原始材料的详细分析支持这样的结论，即正模标本包中的地衣取自另一个标本集，并且与原始名称和当前名称的应用直接冲突。我们断言，目前被认为是A. fallacina正模标本的地衣在描述之后被Motyka错误地放入了正模标本包中，而实际的正模标本很可能保存在他的个人标本馆中，现在存放在LBL。这种极不寻常的情况得到了与作者发表的名称类型有关的文献中的其他案例的支持。基于目前公认的正模标本与原模标本直接冲突的事实，所有证据都表明它不可能来自模式产地，以及模式标本采集者的已知工作方法，（贡纳尔·德格留斯）以及描述作者（莫提卡），Fallacina的正模标本被认为实际上已经丢失，而该名称被选择为一个明确代表Fallacina的同种型。
Alectoria fallacina, described by the prolific 20th century lichenologist Josef Motyka, is a threatened species narrowly endemic to the Appalachian Mountains of eastern North America. The production of a unique unidentified fatty acid as the main secondary metabolite chemically separatesA. fallacinafrom its congeners, especially the morphologically similarA. sarmentosa. Here we show that whileA. fallacinaandA. sarmentosaare entirely allopatric, the type collection ofA. fallacinais a mixture of the two taxa and the holotype isA. sarmentosa. Detailed analyses of the original material support the conclusion that the lichen in the holotype packet was taken from another collection, and is in direct conflict with both the protologue and the current application of the name. We assert that the lichen currently assumed to be the holotype ofA. fallacinawas erroneously placed in the holotype packet by Motyka after the description, while the actual holotype lichen was likely retained in his personal herbarium now deposited at LBL. This highly unusual scenario is supported by other cases from the literature pertaining to the types of names published by this author. Based on the fact that the currently accepted holotype ofA. fallacinadirectly conflicts with the protologue, that all evidence suggests it could not have been derived from the type locality, and the known working methods of both the collector of the type (Gunnar Degelius) as well as the describing author (Motyka), the holotype ofA. fallacinais treated as effectively lost and the name is lectotypified with an isotype that unambiguously representsA. fallacina.