Identification of genes required for normal pheromone-induced cell polarization in Saccharomyces cerevisiae.
Identification of genes required for normal pheromone-induced cell polarization in Saccharomyces cerevisiae.
复制标题
鉴定酿酒酵母中正常信息素诱导的细胞极化所需的基因。
DOI：
10.1093/genetics/136.4.1287
复制
发表时间：
1994
期刊：
影响因子：
3.3
通讯作者：
Herskowitz,I
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Chenevert,J;Valtz,N;Herskowitz,I
作为对交配信息素的响应，酿酒酵母的细胞采用极化的“shmoo”形态，其中参与交配的细胞骨架和蛋白质定位于细胞表面的投影。这种极化被认为反映了交配伙伴之间发生的定向形态发生，以促进细胞和核融合。为了确定与信息素诱导细胞极化有关的基因，我们分离了在与虚弱的伴侣交配时有缺陷的突变体，并研究了这些突变体的一个子集。这34个突变株精通信息素的产生，对信息素的反应停滞，与野生型菌株交配，并在营养生长过程中表现出正常的细胞极性。根据它们对交配信息素的形态反应将突变体划分为不同的类别。其中一类不能根据交配因子定位细胞表面的生长，而是以统一的方式扩大。这些突变体含有营养生长过程中细胞极化所需的基因BEM1和CDC24的特殊等位基因。另一类突变体在用信息素处理时形成双叶花生状形状，并定义了两个基因，PEA1和PEA2。PEA1与SPA2相同。第三类形成了形状正常但很小的Shmoos，并定义了TNY1基因。最后一组突变体表现出明显正常的shmoo形态。它们交配缺陷的性质尚未确定。我们讨论了这些基因产物在确定交配过程中细胞极性方面的可能作用。
In response to mating pheromones, cells of the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae adopt a polarized "shmoo" morphology, in which the cytoskeleton and proteins involved in mating are localized to a cell-surface projection. This polarization is presumed to reflect the oriented morphogenesis that occurs between mating partners to facilitate cell and nuclear fusion. To identify genes involved in pheromone-induced cell polarization, we have isolated mutants defective in mating to an enfeebled partner and studied a subset of these mutants. The 34 mutants of interest are proficient for pheromone production, arrest in response to pheromone, mate to wild-type strains, and exhibit normal cell polarity during vegetative growth. The mutants were divided into classes based on their morphological responses to mating pheromone. One class is unable to localize cell-surface growth in response to mating factor and instead enlarges in a uniform manner. These mutants harbor special alleles of genes required for cell polarization during vegetative growth, BEM1 and CDC24. Another class of mutants forms bilobed, peanut-like shapes when treated with pheromone and defines two genes, PEA1 and PEA2. PEA1 is identical to SPA2. A third class forms normally shaped but tiny shmoos and defines the gene TNY1. A final group of mutants exhibits apparently normal shmoo morphology. The nature of their mating defect is yet to be determined. We discuss the possible roles of these gene products in establishing cell polarity during mating.