Open data: Accountability and transparency
Open data: Accountability and transparency
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开放数据：问责制和透明度
作者：
M. Mayernik
各国政府、资助机构、大学和研究团体朝着“开放数据”的方向发展面临着许多困难的挑战。在开放数据的高层次愿景中，研究人员的数据和元数据实践应该是健壮和结构化的。互联网与科学机构的整合放大了这些期望。然而，当严格审查时，学术研究人员的数据和元数据实践往往显得不完整或有缺陷。“问责制”和“透明度”的概念为理解这些可察觉的差距提供了深刻的见解。研究人员的主要责任是满足对研究能力的期望，而不是数据存放或元数据创建的外部标准。同样，以透明的方式开放数据可能需要投入大量的时间和资源，但没有明显的好处。本文使用不同的问责制和透明度的概念来概念化“开放数据”作为持续的成就，而不是一次性的行为的结果。
The movements by national governments, funding agencies, universities, and research communities toward “open data” face many difficult challenges. In high-level visions of open data, researchers’ data and metadata practices are expected to be robust and structured. The integration of the internet into scientific institutions amplifies these expectations. When examined critically, however, the data and metadata practices of scholarly researchers often appear incomplete or deficient. The concepts of “accountability” and “transparency” provide insight in understanding these perceived gaps. Researchers’ primary accountabilities are related to meeting the expectations of research competency, not to external standards of data deposition or metadata creation. Likewise, making data open in a transparent way can involve a significant investment of time and resources with no obvious benefits. This paper uses differing notions of accountability and transparency to conceptualize “open data” as the result of ongoing achievements, not one-time acts.