Estimation of absolute GNSS satellite antenna group delay variations based on those of absolute receiver antenna group delays
Estimation of absolute GNSS satellite antenna group delay variations based on those of absolute receiver antenna group delays
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DOI：
10.1007/s10291-021-01137-8
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发表时间：
2021-07-01
期刊：
影响因子：
4.9
通讯作者：
Hesselbarth，Anja
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Beer，Susanne;Wanninger，Lambert;Hesselbarth，Anja
GNSS卫星和接收天线表现出群时延变化(GDV)，这会影响代码伪距测量。与影响相位测量的天线相位中心变化一样，它们与频率相关，并随发射和接收信号的方向而变化。全球导航卫星系统代码观测包括卫星天线和接收器天线的综合贡献。如果接收机天线有绝对GDV，就可以确定绝对卫星GDV。2019年，出版了一套广泛的绝对接收器天线GDV，因此，根据地面观测估计卫星绝对天线GDV成为可能。我们使用选定的四种接收器天线类型的绝对GDV和采用这些天线类型的全球分布参考站的观测数据来确定GPS、GLONASS、伽利略、北斗和QZSS卫星天线的绝对GDV。除了已知GDV高达1.5米峰间的北斗二号卫星外，GPS卫星在L1和L5频率上显示的GDV最大，峰间GDV分别高达0.3米和0.4米。它们还显示了星座内最大的卫星之间的变化。GLONASS-M卫星的GDV在频率G1达到2500万厘米；伽利略卫星在频率E6显示最大GDV，高达2000万厘米；北斗3号卫星在频率B1-2和B3显示最大GDV约1500万厘米。GPS IIIA的L2、Galileo FOC的E1和北斗3号卫星的B2A/B2B的频率受影响最小。它们的变化都在10厘米以下。
GNSS satellite and receiving antennas exhibit group delay variations (GDV), which affect code pseudorange measurements. Like antenna phase center variations, which affect phase measurements, they are frequency-dependent and vary with the direction of the transmitted and received signal. GNSS code observations contain the combined contributions of satellite and receiver antennas. If absolute GDV are available for the receiver antennas, absolute satellite GDV can be determined. In 2019, an extensive set of absolute receiver antenna GDV was published and, thus, it became feasible to estimate absolute satellite antenna GDV based on terrestrial observations. We used the absolute GDV of four selected receiver antenna types and observation data of globally distributed reference stations that employ these antenna types to determine absolute GDV for the GPS, GLONASS, Galileo, BeiDou, and QZSS satellite antennas. Besides BeiDou-2 satellites whose GDV are known to reach up to 1.5 m peak-to-peak, the GPS satellites show the largest GDV at frequencies L1 and L5 with up to 0.3 and 0.4 m peak-to-peak, respectively. They also show the largest satellite-to-satellite variations within a constellation. The GDV of GLONASS-M satellites reach up to 25 cm at frequency G1; Galileo satellites exhibit the largest GDV at frequency E6 with up to 20 cm; BeiDou-3 satellites show the largest GDV of around 15 cm at frequencies B1-2 and B3. Frequencies L2 of GPS IIIA, E1 of Galileo FOC, and B2a/B2b of BeiDou-3 satellites are the least affected. Their variations are below 10 cm.