The Evolution of Occupational Segregation in the United States, 1940-2010: Gains and Losses of Gender-Race/Ethnicity Groups
The Evolution of Occupational Segregation in the United States, 1940-2010: Gains and Losses of Gender-Race/Ethnicity Groups
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DOI：
10.1007/s13524-015-0390-5
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发表时间：
2015-06-01
期刊：
影响因子：
3.5
通讯作者：
Alonso-Villar, Olga
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
del Rio, Coral;Alonso-Villar, Olga
本文的目的有两个：(1)描述性地探讨1940-2010年间美国不同种族/民族群体中女性和男性职业隔离的演变；(2)评估种族隔离对每个群体的影响。为此，在本文中，我们提出了一个简单的指数，用于衡量一个群体在某些职业中代表性过高而在其他职业中代表性不足而产生的货币损失或收益。该指数有明确的经济解释。它表示该群体的人均优势（如果指数为正）或劣势（如果指数为负），源于其隔离，占经济平均工资的比例。我们的指数不仅对学术界，而且对关注人口群体之间不平等的机构都是一个有用的工具，因为它可以根据其种族隔离性质对它们进行排名。
The aim of this article is twofold: (1) to descriptively explore the evolution of occupational segregation of women and men of different racial/ethnic groups in the United States during 1940-2010, and (2) to assess the consequences of segregation for each group. For that purpose, in this article, we propose a simple index that measures the monetary loss or gain of a group derived from its overrepresentation in some occupations and underrepresentation in others. This index has a clear economic interpretation. It represents the per capita advantage (if the index is positive) or disadvantage (if the index is negative) of the group, derived from its segregation, as a proportion of the average wage of the economy. Our index is a helpful tool not only for academics but also for institutions concerned with inequalities among demographic groups because it makes it possible to rank them according to their segregational nature.