On-site HIV testing in residential drug treatment units: results of a nationwide survey.
On-site HIV testing in residential drug treatment units: results of a nationwide survey.
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住院戒毒所的现场艾滋病毒检测：全国调查的结果。
DOI：
10.1093/phr/118.1.37
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发表时间：
2003
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Vassilev,ZdravkoP
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Strauss,ShielaM;DesJarlais,DonC;Astone,Janetta;Vassilev,ZdravkoP
目的：居民药物治疗单位位于独特的位置，为他们的患者提供艾滋病毒检测和咨询。本文考察了美国住宅戒毒所提供艾滋病毒现场检测的程度，并确定了区分有无现场HIV检测的单位的组织和机构特征。方法：分析使用2001年全国随机抽样(N=138)住宅戒毒所的单位经理电话访谈收集的数据。结果约有一半(48.6%)的住宅戒毒所向患者提供现场HIV检测。如果住宅单位规模较大(即每月接受治疗的患者人数较多，或有更多的工作人员提供直接的患者服务)，并且如果它们是公共的而不是私人所有的，则提供现场测试的可能性明显更大。提供现场艾滋病毒检测与具有医疗导向显著相关，即由医院操作，单位将自己视为患者的主要医疗提供者，或者在现场或在同一治疗机构的其他部分为患者提供医疗服务。结论：鉴于对使用非法药物的个人进行艾滋病毒检测的重要性，以及存在包括唾液样本的简化检测方案(消除了静脉采血的需要)，应鼓励没有医疗导向的单位在现场提供艾滋病毒检测。
Objective.Residential drug treatment units are uniquely situated to provide HIV testing and counseling to their patients. This article examines the extent to which residential drug treatment units in the United States provide HIV testing on-site, and identifies organizational and institutional characteristics that differentiate units in which on-site HIV testing is available from those in which it is not.Methods.The analyses use data collected in telephone interviews with unit managers from a random nationwide sample (N= 138) of residential drug treatment units in 2001.Results.About half (48.6%) of the residential drug treatment units made HIV testing available to their patients on-site. Residential units were significantly more likely to make on-site testing available if they were larger (ie, had a greater number of patients treated each month or had a greater number of staff that provided direct patient services) and if they were publicly rather than privately owned. Provision of on-site HIV testing was significantly correlated with having a medical orientation, ie, with being operated by a hospital, with the unit viewing itself as patients' primary medical provider, or with providing medical care to the patients either on-site or at another part of the same treatment agency.Conclusion.In view of the critical importance of HIV testing for individuals who use illicit drugs and the existence of a simplified testing protocol involving saliva samples (eliminating the need for phlebotomy), units that do not have a medical orientation should be encouraged to make HIV testing available on-site.