Integrating agronomic practices to reduce greenhouse gas emissions while increasing the economic return in a rice-based cropping system
Integrating agronomic practices to reduce greenhouse gas emissions while increasing the economic return in a rice-based cropping system
复制标题
整合农艺实践，减少温室气体排放，同时提高水稻种植系统的经济回报
DOI：
10.1016/j.agee.2016.06.020
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发表时间：
2016-09-01
影响因子：
6.6
通讯作者：
Yan, Xiaoyuan
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Xia, Longlong;Xia, Yongqiu;Yan, Xiaoyuan
由于温室气体与缓解措施之间的权衡关系有时会破坏谷物产量和经济回报，因此有效缓解温室气（GHG）需要进行整体考虑。为了探索不牺牲经济回报的不牺牲经济回报的缓解措施的最大潜力，我们在三年的三个稻米编制系统（米麦，RW；米粉豆，rb; rb; rc-fallow，rf，rf）中调查了温室气体的排放，农作物产量和经济回报。在中国台湾湖地区（TLR）的研究地点，采用了不同的N受精水平和稻草掺杂方法。在掺入RB系统中，在RB系统中生产的豆稻草是在掺入之前发酵的，而在RW和RF系统中产生的稻草直接掺入了土壤中。相对于传统的RW系统，在RB系统中，水稻季节中的甲烷排放量显着降低了29-44％。年度n输入减少了43％； N施肥治疗的年度一氧化二氮排放量减少了56-69％；水稻的平均产量增加了5.2％。结果，温室气体强度（GHGI）显着降低了11-41％，年度净经济利益（NEB）增加了22-94％。与RW系统相比，RF系统中的GHGI增加了8-30％，NEB降低了3-33％。考虑到TLR中使用的当前水稻/小麦生产实践，GHGI可以减少26％，而NEB可以提高23％，而N申请率（目前为525 kg n ha（-1））的年度降低20％，并且将RW系统转化为使用稻草发酵的RW系统。这项研究的结果表明，通过综合采用n个申请率，使用适当的稻米编写系统以及采用环保的稻草管理，可以同时实现高经济回报和温室气体减轻措施。 （c）2016 Elsevier B.V.保留所有权利。
The effective mitigation of greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions from crop cultivation requires an overall consideration, due to the trade-off relationship between GHGs and the mitigation measures sometimes undermining grain yields and economic returns. To explore the maximum potential of GHG mitigation without sacrificing economic returns, we investigated the GHG emissions, crop yields and economic returns over two years in three rice-cropping systems (rice-wheat, RW; rice-fava bean, RB; and rice-fallow, RF). Different N fertilization levels and straw incorporation methods were employed in each of the rice-cropping systems at the study site, in the Taihu Lake region (TLR) of China. Bean straw produced in the RB system was fermented aerobically before incorporation, while straws produced in the RW and RF systems were directly incorporated into the soils. Relative to the traditional RW system, methane emissions during the rice seasons were significantly reduced by 29-44% in the RB system; annual N inputs were reduced by 43%; annual nitrous oxide emissions for N fertilization treatments were decreased by 56-69%; and the average rice yield was increased by 5.2%. As a, result, the GHG intensity (GHGI) was significantly reduced by 11-41%, and the annual net economic benefit (NEB) was increased by 22-94%. Compared with the RW system, the GHGI in the RF system was increased by 8-30% and the NEB was decreased by 3-33%. Considering the current rice/wheat production practices employed in the TLR, the GHGI could be reduced by 26% while the NEB could be improved by 23%, with an annual reduction in the N application rate (currently 525 kg N ha(-1)) by 20% and the conversion of the RW systems into RB systems that use straw fermentation. The results of this study suggest that high economic return and GHG mitigation could be simultaneously achieved by the integrated adoption of reasonable reduction in N application rates, the use of appropriate rice-cropping systems and by employing eco-friendly straw management. (C) 2016 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.