Changing the environment to promote health-enhancing physical activity
Changing the environment to promote health-enhancing physical activity
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DOI：
10.1080/02640410410001712458
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发表时间：
2004-08-01
影响因子：
3.4
通讯作者：
Hillsdon, M
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Foster, C;Hillsdon, M
支持性环境已被用来改变和影响健康行为，如吸烟。虽然心理学和生态学理论和模型证明了环境对健康促进体力活动（HEPA）的可能影响，但对环境干预的有效性知之甚少。本文介绍了一个系统的审查研究，使用环境干预措施，以增加健康促进体力活动的结果。研究发现了两组研究，通过创建新的HEPA设施，政策和支持机制来改变物理环境的研究，以及使用环境元素作为活动或久坐的“选择点”的研究，通过教育材料来促进楼梯的使用。环境变化研究表明，HEPA性能略有增加，但没有评估环境变化的相对影响。许多之前和之后的研究都观察到了一个简单的环境变化对刺激旅行或购物时爬楼梯的微弱影响。尽管缺乏有效性数据，但目前的国家政策已将环境作为促进增进健康的身体活动，特别是积极旅行的一种选择。建议现有或计划中的公共卫生环境和HEPA措施应使用适当的评估方法来评估其功效和有效性。在开发新的环境干预措施之前，强烈建议对环境与特定HEPA行为之间的关系进行进一步的发展研究。
Supportive environments have been used to change and influence health behaviours like smoking. While psychological and ecological theories and models demonstrate the possible influences of the environment on health-enhancing physical activity (HEPA), little is known about the effectiveness of the environmental interventions. This paper presents the results of a systematic review of studies that used environmental interventions to increase health-enhancing physical activity. Two groups of studies were found, studies that changed the physical environment by creating new HEPA facilities, policies and supporting mechanisms, and studies that used the elements of the environment as an active or sedentary 'point of choice', via educational materials to promote stair use. Environmental change studies showed a small increase on HEPA behaviour, but the relative impact of environment changes was not evaluated. A number of before and after studies have observed a weak effect of a simple environmental change to stimulate stair climbing while travelling or shopping. Current national policy has embraced the environment as an option for promoting health-enhancing physical activity, especially active travel, in spite of the lack of effectiveness data. It is recommended that existing or planned public health environment and HEPA initiatives should use appropriate evaluation methods to assess their efficacy and effectiveness. Further developmental research into the nature of the relationship of the environment to particular HEPA behaviours is strongly recommended before developing new environmental interventions.