Characterization of Puccinia graminis f. sp tritici isolates derived from an unusual wheat stem rust outbreak in Germany in 2013
Characterization of Puccinia graminis f. sp tritici isolates derived from an unusual wheat stem rust outbreak in Germany in 2013
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DOI：
10.1111/ppa.12674
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发表时间：
2017-10-01
期刊：
影响因子：
2.7
通讯作者：
Jin, Y.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Firpo, P. D. Olivera;Newcomb, M.;Jin, Y.
2013年夏天，德国麦田发生了一次不同寻常的茎锈病。本研究对来自17个小麦锈菌的48个菌株进行了分析。共鉴定出6个小种：TKTTF、TKKTF、TKPTF、TKKTP、PKPTF和MMMTF。感染类型和基因分型资料证实，这些小种均不属于TTKS(UG99)小种群。德国TKTTF小种的分离物在表型上与2013-2014年埃塞俄比亚茎锈病流行的分离物不同。使用定制的SNP阵列对40个分离物进行了基因分型。系统发育分析表明，这40个分离物分别代表两个不同的谱系(分支IV和分支V)。38个分离物聚集到分支IV，这是以前由TKTTF小种的埃塞俄比亚分离物定义的。TKKTP小种由于对抗茎锈病基因SR24、SrTMP和Sr1RS(Amigo)的联合毒力而受到特别关注。美国和国际冬小麦对TKKTP的易感性已被证实，55%的北美和国际抗TTKSK(UG99)小种的品种和育种系对TKKTP敏感。2013年在德国发现的小种证实了对TTKSK小种有效的重要抗性基因的毒力存在。这些信息将有助于育种人员选择多样化和有效的抗性基因，以提供更持久的抗茎锈病，并减少杀菌剂的使用。
An unusual stem rust infestation occurred in German wheat fields in summer 2013. This study analysed 48 isolates derived from 17 Puccinia graminis f. sp. tritici (Pgt) samples and six races were identified: TKTTF, TKKTF, TKPTF, TKKTP, PKPTF and MMMTF. Infection type and genotypic data confirmed that none of these races belonged to the TTKS (Ug99) race group. German isolates of race TKTTF are phenotypically different to the ones responsible for the stem rust epidemic in Ethiopia in 2013-2014. Forty isolates were genotyped using a custom SNP array. Phylogenetic analysis showed that these 40 isolates represented two distinct lineages (clade IV and clade V). Thirty-eight isolates clustered into clade IV, which previously was defined by Ethiopian isolates of race TKTTF. Race TKKTP is of special concern due to its combined virulence to stem rust resistance genes Sr24, SrTmp and Sr1RS(Amigo). The vulnerability to race TKKTP in US and international winter wheat was confirmed as 55% of North American and international cultivars and breeding lines resistant to race TTKSK (Ug99) became susceptible to TKKTP. Races identified in Germany in 2013 confirmed the presence of virulence to important resistance genes that are effective against race TTKSK. This information should be useful for breeders to select diverse and effective resistance genes in order to provide more durable stem rust resistance and reduce the use of fungicides.