The proteasome under the microscope: the regulatory particle in focus.

The proteasome under the microscope: the regulatory particle in focus.
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DOI:
10.1016/j.sbi.2013.02.004
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发表时间:
2013-04
影响因子:
6.8
通讯作者:
Nogales E
Nogales E
中科院分区:
生物学2区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Lander GC;Martin A;Nogales E

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自从第一次通过电子显微镜成像以来,人们一直在努力确定26 S蛋白酶体的结构和机制。虽然蛋白水解核心在原子细节上被理解,但底物如何被接合并转运到该核心仍然是难以捉摸的。底物递送是由一个19-亚基调节颗粒完成的,该颗粒与泛素化底物结合,分离泛素标签,展开底物,并以ATP依赖性方式将其转运到肽酶中。最近,几个实验室已经确定了26 S蛋白酶体的亚纳米cryoEM结构,揭示了调控复合物的结构。我们讨论了这些结构所提供的基板处理的生物学见解,以及实现26个蛋白酶体的原子分辨率结构的技术障碍。
Since first imaged by electron microscopy, much effort has been placed into determining the structure and mechanism of the 26S proteasome. While the proteolytic core is understood in atomic detail, how substrates are engaged and transported to this core remains elusive. Substrate delivery is accomplished by a 19-subunit regulatory particle that binds to ubiquitinated substrates, detaches ubiquitin tags, unfolds the substrate, and translocates it into the peptidase in an ATP-dependent fashion. Recently, several labs have determined subnanometer cryoEM structures of the 26S proteasome, shedding light on the architecture of the regulatory complex. We discuss the biological insights into substrate processing provided by these structures, and the technical hurdles ahead to achieve an atomic resolution structure of the 26 proteasome.
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