Reforming Agricultural Markets in Africa
Reforming Agricultural Markets in Africa
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DOI：
10.2307/4107281
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发表时间：
2002-10
影响因子：
1.1
通讯作者：
Scott Brunger;Mylène Kherallah;C. Delgado;E. Gabre-Madhin;N. Minot;Michael E. Johnson
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Scott Brunger;Mylène Kherallah;C. Delgado;E. Gabre-Madhin;N. Minot;Michael E. Johnson
自20世纪80年代初以来，几乎所有的非洲政府都启动了经济改革计划，以减少国家对经济的干预，并允许市场发挥更大的作用。在农业部门，这些计划旨在取消对农产品的价格管制，解散国有农场和国有企业或将其私有化，降低对农产品出口的沉重税收，逐步取消对化肥和其他投入的补贴，并允许农产品市场上出现更大的竞争。这些措施一直备受争议。支持者认为，这些改革提高了市场效率，减少了预算赤字，刺激了出口生产，并提高了农民获得的最终价格份额。反对者认为，这些改革破坏了农产品价格的稳定，扩大了收入分配差距，减少了获得低成本投入的机会。由约翰·霍普金斯大学出版社为IFPRI出版的《改革非洲农业市场》一书回顾了过去20年的经验。它评估了改革的实际实施程度，对农业生产和价格的影响，以及对非洲家庭福祉的净影响。作者介绍。
"Since the early 1980s, almost all African governments have embarked on economic reform programs to reduce state intervention in the economy and to allow markets to play a larger role. In the agricultural sector these programs were designed to eliminate price controls on agricultural commodities, disband or privatize state farms and state-owned enterprises, reduce the heavy taxation of agricultural exports, phase out subsidies on fertilizer and other inputs, and allow greater competition in agricultural markets. These measures have been highly controversial. Proponents argue that the reforms have improved market efficiency, reduced budget deficits, stimulated export production, and increased the share of the final price received by farmers. Opponents argue that the reforms have destabilized agricultural prices, widened the income distribution gap, and reduced access to low-cost inputs. Reforming Agricultural Markets in Africa by Mylene Kherallah, Christopher Delgado, Eleni Gabre-Madhin, Nicholas Minot, and Michael Johnson, published by The Johns Hopkins University Press for IFPRI, reviews the experience of the last 20 years. It evaluates the degree to which the reforms have actually been implemented, their impact on agricultural production and prices, and the net effect on the well-being of African households." Author's Introduction.