RNA phase transitions in repeat expansion disorders.

RNA phase transitions in repeat expansion disorders.
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DOI:
10.1038/nature22386
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发表时间:
2017-06-08
期刊:
影响因子:
64.8
通讯作者:
Vale RD
Vale RD
中科院分区:
综合性期刊1区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Jain A;Vale RD

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短核苷酸重复序列的扩增会产生几种神经和神经肌肉疾病,包括亨廷顿氏病、肌肉萎缩症和肌萎缩侧索硬化症。这些疾病的一个共同病理特征是含有重复转录物的细胞核聚集成异常灶。RNA病灶以及疾病症状仅在核苷酸重复的临界数量以上表现出来,但控制该特征阈值以上的病灶形成的分子机制仍未解决。在这里,我们发现重复扩增为多价碱基配对创造了模板,这使得纯化的RNA在类似于在疾病中观察到的关键重复数上经历溶胶-凝胶转变。在细胞中,RNA灶是通过含有重复序列的RNA的相分离形成的,并且可以被体外破坏RNA凝胶的药物溶解。与蛋白质聚集障碍类似,我们的研究结果表明,rna序列特异性凝胶化可能是神经系统疾病的一个促成因素。
Expansions of short nucleotide repeats produce several neurological and neuromuscular disorders including Huntington’s disease, muscular dystrophy and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. A common pathological feature of these diseases is the accumulation of the repeat containing transcripts into aberrant foci in the nucleus. RNA foci, as well as the disease symptoms, only manifest above a critical number of nucleotide repeats, but the molecular mechanism governing foci formation above this characteristic threshold remains unresolved. Here, we show that repeat expansions create templates for multivalent base-pairing, which causes purified RNA to undergo a sol-gel transition at a similar critical repeat number as observed in the diseases. In cells, RNA foci form by phase separation of the repeat-containing RNA and can be dissolved by agents that disrupt RNA gelation in vitro. Analogous to protein aggregation disorders, our results suggest that the sequence-specific gelation of RNAs could be a contributing factor to neurological disease.
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