Executive processes in Parkinson's disease - random number generation and response suppression
Executive processes in Parkinson's disease - random number generation and response suppression
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DOI：
10.1016/s0028-3932(98)00015-3
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发表时间：
1998-12-01
期刊：
影响因子：
2.6
通讯作者：
Jahanshahi, M
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Brown, RG;Soliveri, P;Jahanshahi, M
在产生随机数时，受试者通常会系统地偏离统计随机性。人们认为，这些偏见反映了潜在的结构和过程所施加的约束，而不是一个有缺陷的随机性概念。随机数生成（RNG）对执行过程提出了相当高的要求，并为它们的研究提供了可能有用的工具。一组帕金森氏病（PD）患者和一组对照组进行了测试的RNG任务，单独和并发注意力要求的任务（手动跟踪）。两组都表现出先前描述的RNG偏差，包括强烈的计数倾向和重复避免。总体RNG性能在组间没有差异，尽管在患者组和对照组的计数偏倚中发现了差异，对照组显示出对两个计数的偏倚，而患者对一个计数的偏倚。第二项任务逆转了对照组的偏倚，并加剧了患者的偏倚。网络调制模型可以帮助解释RNG的许多特征。我们认为，自然有偏见的联想网络的输出必须积极抑制的注意力要求，有限的能力的过程。这种抑制可能被PD的病理生理学和并发任务所破坏。收敛的证据从各种来源进行了讨论，支持背外侧前额叶皮层（DLPFC）在这一过程中的作用。(C)1998爱思唯尔科技有限公司。保留所有权利。
In producing random numbers, subjects typically deviate systematically from statistical randomness. It is considered that these biases reflect constraints imposed by underlying structures and processes, rather than a deficient concept of randomness. Random number generation (RNG) places considerable demands on executive processes, and provides a possibly useful tool for their investigation. A group of patients with Parkinson's disease (PD) and a group of controls were tested on a RNG task, both alone and with a concurrent attention-demanding task (manual tracking). Both groups showed the biases in RNG described previously, including a strong counting tendency and repetition avoidance. Overall RNG performance did not differ between the groups, although differences were found in the counting biases in the patient and control groups, with the controls showing a bias towards counting in twos, and the patients a bias towards counting in ones. The secondary task reversed the bias shown by controls and exacerbated the bias in the patients. A network modulation model may help explain many of the features of RNG. We suggest that naturally biased output from an associative network must be actively suppressed by an attention-demanding, limited-capacity process. This suppression may be disrupted by the pathophysiology of PD and by concurrent tasks. Convergent evidence from various sources is discussed which supports a role of the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) in this process. (C) 1998 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved.