Global fishing effort (1950-2010): Trends, gaps, and implications
Global fishing effort (1950-2010): Trends, gaps, and implications
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DOI：
10.1016/j.fishres.2010.10.016
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发表时间：
2011-01-01
影响因子：
2.4
通讯作者：
Pauly, D.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Anticamara, J. A.;Watson, R.;Pauly, D.
据世界银行最近的一份报告，全球捕捞活动的加剧和随之而来的海洋鱼类资源的枯竭每年造成500亿美元的经济损失。然而，数据不足目前阻碍了对全球捕捞努力量的分析。我们分析了来自联合国粮食及农业组织（粮农组织）、EUROPA渔船登记处、同行评审和其他出版物的数据，以确定1950年至2006年全球捕捞努力量的趋势。我们的研究结果表明，全球捕捞努力量，表示为总发动机功率和捕鱼天数在一年（千瓦天），大致恒定，从1950年到1970年，然后稳步增加到现在。欧洲主导了全球捕捞活动，其次是亚洲。预测目前的趋势表明，亚洲将很快超过欧洲。拖网渔船和注册总吨超过100吨的船只在全球捕捞努力中占很大比例。然而，鉴于我们已经确定的数据缺口，目前对全球捕捞努力量、船只数量和船只总吨位的估计被低估了。我们的研究结果在以下方面是有用的：（1）它们可以鼓励学术界和政府的研究人员改进全球捕捞努力量数据库;（2）它们允许更深入地分析捕捞对海洋生态系统的影响;（3）它们在接受当前低估全球渔业经济损失时引起谨慎;（4）它们加强了减少全球捕捞努力量的呼吁。(C)2010 Elsevier B. V.保留所有权利。
According to a recent World Bank report, the intensification of global fishing effort and the ensuing depletion of marine fish stocks causes economic losses of 50 billion US dollars annually. Data deficiencies, however, currently hamper analysis of global fishing effort. We analyzed data from the Food and Agricultural Organization of the United Nations (FAO), the EUROPA fishing fleet registry, and peer-reviewed and other publications, to determine the global trends in fishing effort from 1950 to 2006. Our results show that global fishing effort, expressed as total engine power and the number of fishing days in a year (kilowatt days), was roughly constant from 1950 to 1970, and then steadily increased up to the present. Europe dominated global fishing effort, followed by Asia. Projecting current trends suggests that Asia will soon surpass Europe. Trawlers contribute a major fraction of global fishing effort, as do vessels greater than 100 gross registered tons. Current estimates of global fishing effort, the number of vessels, and total vessel tonnage are, however, underestimates given the data gaps that we have identified. Our results are useful in the following ways: (1) they may encourage researchers in academia and government to improve global fishing effort databases; (2) they allow deeper global analyses of the impact of fishing on marine ecosystems; (3) they induce caution in accepting current underestimates of economic losses of global fisheries; and (4) they reinforce calls for a reduction in global fishing effort. (C) 2010 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.