The Human Respiratory Microbiome: Current Understandings and Future Directions.
The Human Respiratory Microbiome: Current Understandings and Future Directions.
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DOI：
10.1165/rcmb.2022-0208tr
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发表时间：
2023-03
影响因子：
6.4
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中科院分区：
文献类型：
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微生物在人体内繁殖。肺部和呼吸道以前被认为是无菌的，但现在却孕育着不同的微生物群落和细菌（细菌组）、病毒（病毒组）和真菌（真菌组）的基因组。扩增子和鸟枪宏基因组测序技术和数据分析方法的最新进展极大地帮助了气道微生物种群的鉴定和表征。呼吸道微生物组已被证明在人类健康和疾病中发挥作用，并且是肺部医学中迅速出现的兴趣领域。在这篇综述中，我们通过关注四种肺部疾病，包括哮喘、慢性阻塞性肺疾病、囊性纤维化和特发性肺纤维化，提供了该领域的最新信息。我们评估肠道、口腔和上呼吸道微生物群，以及它们如何影响下呼吸道菌群。讨论之后是对健康和疾病中的下气道微生物组的系统综述。我们总结了有希望的研究途径和对不断发展的治疗方法的影响。
Microorganisms colonize the human body. The lungs and respiratory tract, previously believed to be sterile, harbor diverse microbial communities and the genomes of bacteria (bacteriome), viruses (virome), and fungi (mycobiome). Recent advances in amplicon and shotgun metagenomic sequencing technologies and data-analyzing methods have greatly aided the identification and characterization of microbial populations from airways. The respiratory microbiome has been shown to play roles in human health and disease and is an area of rapidly emerging interest in pulmonary medicine. In this review, we provide updated information in the field by focusing on four lung conditions, including asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, cystic fibrosis, and idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis. We evaluate gut, oral, and upper airway microbiomes and how they contribute to lower airway flora. The discussion is followed by a systematic review of the lower airway microbiome in health and disease. We conclude with promising research avenues and implications for evolving therapeutics.