For how long will the current grand maximum of solar activity persist?

For how long will the current grand maximum of solar activity persist?
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目前太阳活动最盛期会持续多久?

DOI:
10.1029/2008gl035442
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发表时间:
2008
影响因子:
5.2
通讯作者:
Abreu J
Abreu J
中科院分区:
地球科学1区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Abreu J

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了解太阳的磁活动非常重要,因为它对地球环境有影响。自 1610 年以来的太阳黑子记录显示出不规则的 11 年活动周期;它们在更长的时间尺度上进行调制,并在 17 世纪被蒙德极小期打断。即使在短期内,未来的行为也无法轻易预测。最近的活动在至少 8 个周期内异常高:这个极大值是否可能很快终止,甚至紧随其后的是另一个(类似蒙德的)极大极小值?为了回答这些问题,我们使用太阳调制函数 Φ 的复合记录作为太阳开放磁场的测量,该记录主要根据格陵兰岛 GRIP 冰芯中宇宙成因 10Be 丰度的代理记录重建。该 Φ 记录可以追溯到近 10,000 年,显示了许多极大值和极小值(定义为 Φ 位于高斯分布顶部或底部 20% 范围内的区间)。我们对该记录进行统计分析,并计算当前最大寿命的预期寿命。我们发现它预计只会持续 15-36 年,更可靠的方法产生的预期更短,因此我们预测太阳活动在未来两到三个周期内会减弱。然而,我们无法预测随后的最低水平。
Understanding the Sun's magnetic activity is important because of its impact on the Earth's environment. The sunspot record since 1610 shows irregular 11‐year cycles of activity; they are modulated on longer timescales and were interrupted by the Maunder minimum in the 17th century. Future behavior cannot easily be predicted – even in the short‐term. Recent activity has been abnormally high for at least 8 cycles: is this grand maximum likely to terminate soon or even to be followed by another (Maunder‐like) grand minimum? To answer these questions we use, as a measure of the Sun's open magnetic field, a composite record of the solar modulation function Φ, reconstructed principally from the proxy record of cosmogenic10Be abundances in the GRIP icecore from Greenland. This Φ record extends back for almost 10,000 years, showing many grand maxima and grand minima (defined as intervals when Φ is within the top or bottom 20% of a Gaussian distribution). We carry out a statistical analysis of this record and calculate the life expectancy of the current grand maximum. We find that it is only expected to last for a further 15–36 years, with the more reliable methods yielding shorter expectancies, and we therefore predict a decline in solar activity within the next two or three cycles. We are not able, however, to predict the level of the ensuing minimum.
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