Tobacco abstinence symptom suppression: the role played by the smoking-related stimuli that are delivered by denicotinized cigarettes
Tobacco abstinence symptom suppression: the role played by the smoking-related stimuli that are delivered by denicotinized cigarettes
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DOI：
10.1111/j.1360-0443.2005.01030.x
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发表时间：
2005-04-01
期刊：
影响因子：
6
通讯作者：
Eissenberg, T
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Buchhalter, AR;Acosta, MC;Eissenberg, T
吸烟会导致癌症和疾病，但人们发现戒烟困难，因为伴随着戒烟的厌恶症状。了解如何抑制这些症状对于开发有效的戒烟治疗至关重要。在药理学上，纯尼古丁部分抑制烟草戒断症状，而非尼古丁的吸烟相关刺激物完全抑制这些戒断症状，至少持续24小时。本研究旨在阐明吸烟相关刺激对烟草戒断的影响，并探讨其抑制吸烟者戒断能力的持续时间。设计三个双盲，受试者内，拉丁方顺序，5天的条件下，参与者吸烟尼古丁，除尼古丁或没有香烟。出发-弗吉尼亚联邦大学的患者实验室。参与者13名女性和19名男性。测量主观，每天收集生理和性能指标，并客观地验证对研究条件的依从性。相关刺激足以在5天的时间内抑制烟草戒断的某些症状[即吸烟欲望问卷（QSU）因子1，“对甜食的欲望”、“饥饿”和“吸烟欲望”]，而在这项研究中，尼古丁和吸烟相关刺激的组合抑制了其他症状，（即“难以集中注意力”、“进食增加”、“坐立不安”和“不耐烦”）。结论这些结果表明，虽然尼古丁可以抑制某些戒烟症状，抑制其他人也可能需要解决与吸烟有关的刺激缺乏的策略。
Aims Cigarette smoking causes cancer and disease, yet people find quitting difficult due to aversive symptoms that accompany tobacco abstinence. Understanding how to suppress these symptoms is critical in developing effective smoking cessation treatments. Pharmacologically, pure nicotine suppresses tobacco abstinence symptoms partially, and non-nicotine, smoking-related stimuli suppress these abstinence symptoms fully, at least for 24 hours. The current study was designed to clarify the impact of smoking-related stimuli on tobacco withdrawal, and to explore the duration of their ability to suppress withdrawal in smokers.Design Three double-blind, within-subjects, Latin square-ordered, 5-day conditions in which participants smoked nicotinized, denicotinized or no cigarettes.Setting Out-patient laboratory at Virginia Commonwealth University.Participants Thirteen women and 19 men.Measurements Subjective, physiological and performance measures were collected daily and compliance with study conditions was verified objectively.Findings Smoking-related stimuli are sufficient for suppressing some symptoms of tobacco abstinence over a 5-day period [i.e. Questionnaire of Smoking Urges (QSU) factor 1, 'Desire for sweets', 'Hunger' and 'Urges to smoke'], while in this study a combination of nicotine and smoking-related stimuli suppressed other symptoms (i.e. 'Difficulty concentrating', 'Increased eating', 'Restlessness' and 'Impatient').Conclusions These results indicate that, while some tobacco abstinence symptoms may be suppressed with nicotine, suppressing others may also require strategies that address the absence of smoking-related stimuli.