Cities in the developing world
Cities in the developing world
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DOI：
10.4324/9780203646274-22
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发表时间：
2005-07
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
H. Overman;A. Venables
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
H. Overman;A. Venables
快速城市化是发展中国家的一大特点。未来30年，可能还会有20亿人成为城市居民，然而，在现代发展经济学文献中，城镇化几乎没有受到关注。本文回顾了关于城市化的决定因素和影响的理论和实证工作。这表明，城市带来了巨大的生产率收益，尽管不受监管的结果很可能导致过度优先，因为外部性和协调失败抑制了经济活动的分散化。政策应通过识别和解决这些市场失灵，以及寻求消除权力下放的体制障碍来发挥作用。
Rapid urbanisation is a major feature of developing countries. Some 2 billion more people are likely to become city residents in the next 30 years, yet urbanisation has received little attention in the modern development economics literature. This paper reviews theoretical and empirical work on the determinants and effects of urbanisation. This suggests that there are substantial productivity benefits from cities, although unregulated outcomes may well lead to excessive primacy as externalities and coordination failures inhibit decentralisation of economic activity. Policy should operate both by identifying and addressing these market failures, and by seeking to remove institutional obstacles to decentralisation.