COORDINATION OF MASTICATION AND SWALLOWING
COORDINATION OF MASTICATION AND SWALLOWING
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DOI：
10.1007/bf02493469
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发表时间：
1992-01-01
期刊：
影响因子：
2.6
通讯作者：
CROMPTON A W
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
PALMER J B;RUDIN N J;CROMPTON A W
对四名正常受试者在摄取固体和液体时咀嚼、口腔运输和吞咽的协调性进行了研究。同时记录受试者食用含钡食物时的视频透视(VFG)和肌电(EMG)。肌肉内电极被插入咬肌、舌骨上和舌骨下肌。对94只燕子进行了逐帧分析，以确定推进剂的运输时间、吞咽时间和咀嚼张口周期的阶段。吞咽前进入咽部的平均为S(-0.3~6.4)。这一间隔因食物的不同而有很大不同，对于液体来说是最短的。在37%的序列中，一团食物在吞咽开始之前到达山谷，但大多数食物在吞咽开始时在口腔中。几乎所有的燕子都是在咀嚼周期的尖牙(最小张口)阶段开始的。选择的序列由计算机进一步分析，使用模数转换器(用于肌电)和帧采集器(用于VFG)。当受试者咀嚼固体食物时，下巴和舌骨运动的周期是松散的。通过向前和向上拉动舌骨和舌骨，将一团咀嚼过的食物从口腔输送到口咽部。在吞咽之前，舌头会将食物压在上颚上，并将一部分挤压到咽部。这种牵拉是由颧舌骨和前二腹肌收缩产生的，发生在咀嚼周期的尖间(最小张口)和开放阶段。吞咽前的转运机制与口腔吞咽相高度相似。咀嚼过程中下颌内收肌和外展肌活动的交替为咀嚼、运输和吞咽提供了一个整合的框架。
The coordination of mastication, oral transport, and swallowing was examined during intake of solids and liquids in four normal subjects. Videofluorography (VFG) and electromyography (EMG) were recorded simultaneously while subjects consumed barium-impregnated foods. Intramuscular electrodes were inserted in the masseter, suprahyoid, and infrahyoid muscles. Ninety-four swallows were analyzed frame-by-frame for timing of bolus transport, swallowing, and phases of the masticatory gape cycle. Barium entered the pharynx a mean of 1.1 s (range -0.3 to 6.4 s) before swallow onset. This interval varied significantly among foods and was shortest for liquids. A bolus of food reached the valleculae prior to swallow onset in 37% of sequences, but most of the food was in the oral cavity at the onset of swallowing. Nearly all swallows started during the intercuspal (minimum gape) phase of the masticatory cycle. Selected sequences were analyzed further by computer, using an analog-to-digital converter (for EMG) and frame grabber (for VFG). When subjects chewed solid food, there were loosely linked cycles of jaw and hyoid motion. A preswallow bolus of chewed food was transported from the oral cavity to the oropharynx by protraction (movement forward and upward) of the tongue and hyoid bone. The tongue compressed the food against the palate and squeezed a portion into the pharynx one or more cycles prior to swallowing. This protraction was produced by contraction of the geniohyoid and anterior digastric muscles, and occurred during the intercuspal (minimum gape) and opening phases of the masticatory cycle. The mechanism of preswallow transport was highly similar to the oral phase of swallowing. Alternation of jaw adductor and abductor activity during mastication provided a framework for integration of chewing, transport, and swallowing.