Neuroimaging of cerebral activations and deactivations associated with hypercapnia and hunger for air
Neuroimaging of cerebral activations and deactivations associated with hypercapnia and hunger for air
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DOI：
10.1073/pnas.98.4.2029
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发表时间：
2001-02-13
影响因子：
11.1
通讯作者：
Fox, PT
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Brannan, S;Liotti, M;Fox, PT
有明确的延髓，中脑，下丘脑和丘脑的呼吸调节功能，但知识的皮质控制和元素subserving呼吸困难和空气饥饿的意识是有限的。在9名年轻人中，空气饥饿是由二氧化碳吸入引起的。与吸入的N-2/O-2气体混合物用相同的设备，也与节奏呼吸，并与闭眼休息。笔、中脑（中脑被盖、臂旁核和导水管周围灰质）、下丘脑中的激活网络。边缘系统和边缘系统区域（杏仁核和杏仁核周围区域）、扣带回、海马旁回和梭状回以及前额叶沿着尾状核和枕区激活。在背扣带回、后扣带回和前额叶皮层中观察到强烈的失活。边缘系统和前边缘系统区域的显著反应表明，这些结构在由基本呼吸控制障碍引起的情感后遗症中具有独特的作用，在这种后遗症中，我们通常不知道的一个过程成为意识的一个突出要素。这些激活和失活包括发育上古老的异源皮层和过渡皮层区域，它们与杏仁核/杏仁核周围区域一起可能有助于情绪表征和呼吸调节功能。
There are defined medullary, mesencephalic, hypothalamic, and thalamic functions in regulation of respiration, but knowledge of cortical control and the elements subserving the consciousness of breathlessness and air hunger is limited. In nine young adults, air hunger was produced acutely by CO2 inhalation. Comparisons were made with inhalation of a N-2/O-2 gas mixture with the same apparatus, and also with paced breathing, and with eyes closed rest. A network of activations in pens, midbrain (mesencephalic tegmentum, parabrachial nucleus, and periaqueductal gray), hypothalamus. limbic and paralimbic areas (amygdala and periamygdalar region) cingulate, parahippocampal and fusiform gyrus, and anterior insula were seen along with caudate nuclei and pulvinar activations. Strong deactivations were seen in dorsal cingulate, posterior cingulate, and prefrontal cortex. The striking response of limbic and paralimbic regions points to these structures having a singular role in the affective sequelae entrained by disturbance of basic respiratory control whereby a process of which we are normally unaware becomes a salient element of consciousness. These activations and deactivations include phylogenetically ancient areas of allocortex and transitional cortex that together with the amygdalar/periamygdalar region may subserve functions of emotional representation and regulation of breathing.