A calendar savant with episodic memory impairments.
A calendar savant with episodic memory impairments.
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一位患有情景记忆障碍的日历专家。
DOI：
10.1080/13554790903405701
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发表时间：
2010
期刊：
影响因子：
0.8
通讯作者：
Chatterjee,Anjan
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Olson,IngridR;Berryhill,MarianE;Drowos,DavidB;Brown,Lawrence;Chatterjee,Anjan
记忆障碍患者的学习和记忆能力严重受限。例如，患有顺行性失忆症的患者可以学习运动程序，并保留一些有限的学习新单词和事实信息的能力。然而，这种学习是不灵活的，并且经常无法被有意识的意识所理解。在这里，我们提出一个病例患者AC596，一个25岁的男性严重情景记忆障碍，可能是由于早产缺氧。与他糟糕的情景记忆相比，他对日历信息表现出了学者般的记忆，这些日历信息可以通过日、月、年的线索灵活地获取。他还能回忆起过去20年里各种各样的个人经历的确切日期。患者似乎通过使用记忆的日历信息作为自传体事件的检索线索来补充他通常较差的情景记忆。这些发现表明，保留记忆功能的孤岛，如高度发达的语义记忆系统，可能存在于情节记忆系统严重受损的个体中。在这个特殊的案例中，我们的病人对日期的记忆远远超过了正常人，并作为一个敏锐的检索线索，使他能够获得否则无法获得的信息。
Patients with memory disorders have severely restricted learning and memory. For instance, patients with anterograde amnesia can learn motor procedures and retain some restricted ability to learn new words and factual information. However, such learning is inflexible and frequently inaccessible to conscious awareness. Here we present a case of patient AC596, a 25-year-old male with severe episodic memory impairments, presumably due to anoxia during a preterm birth. In contrast to his poor episodic memory, he exhibits savant-like memory for calendar information that can be flexibly accessed by day, month, and year cues. He also has the ability to recollect the exact date of a wide range of personal experiences over the past 20 years. The patient appears to supplement his generally poor episodic memory by using memorized calendar information as a retrieval cue for autobiographical events. These findings indicate that islands of preserved memory functioning, such as a highly developed semantic memory system, can exist in individuals with severely impaired episodic memory systems. In this particular case, our patient's memory for dates far outstripped that of normal individuals and served as a keen retrieval cue, allowing him to access information that was otherwise unavailable.