Adaptive mental mechanisms. Their role in a positive psychology.

Adaptive mental mechanisms. Their role in a positive psychology.
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适应性心理机制。

DOI:
10.1037//0003-066x.55.1.89
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发表时间:
2000
期刊:
The American psychologist
影响因子:
--
通讯作者:
Vaillant,GE
Vaillant,GE
中科院分区:
--
文献类型:
--
作者:
Vaillant,GE

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心理学需要一个衡量积极心理健康的标准,类似于衡量高于平均智力的智商测试。DSM-IV的防御功能量表提供了一个可能的度量标准。在本文中,作者将防卫功能量表成熟端防卫的转化性质(利他主义、压抑、幽默、期待和升华)与积极心理学联系起来。首先,认识到可靠评估防御所涉及的方法问题。接下来,概述了使用前瞻性纵向研究来克服这些困难,并提供更可靠的防御定义和测量。也有证据表明,与许多心理测量不同,防御的成熟度完全独立于社会阶层、教育和智商。最后,提供证据来说明成熟防御的有效性及其对积极心理学的贡献。(PsycINFO数据库记录(c) 2016 APA,版权所有)
Psychology needs a metric for positive mental health that would be analogous to the IQ tests that measure above average intelligence. The Defensive Function Scale of the DSM-IV offers a possible such metric. In the present article the author links the transformational qualities of defenses at the mature end of the Defensive Function Scale (altruism, suppression, humor, anticipation, and sublimation) to positive psychology. First, the methodological problems involved in the reliable assessment of defenses are acknowledged. Next, the use of prospective longitudinal study to overcome such difficulties and to provide more reliable definition and measurement of defenses is outlined. Evidence is also offered that, unlike many psychological measures, the maturity of defenses is quite independent of social class, education, and IQ. Last, evidence is offered to illustrate the validity of mature defenses and their contribution to positive psychology.(PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2016 APA, all rights reserved)
DOI: 10.1001/jama.1963.03710080111117
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