Forest access restores foraging and ranging behavior in captive sifakas
Forest access restores foraging and ranging behavior in captive sifakas
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DOI：
10.1002/zoo.21742
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发表时间：
2022-10-17
期刊：
影响因子：
1.3
通讯作者：
Ehmke，Erin E.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Greene，Lydia K.;Andriambeloson，Jean-Basile;Ehmke，Erin E.
圈养野生动物受益于促进自然行为的生态知情管理策略。杜克狐猴中心开创了植根于多种狐猴物种生态的畜牧计划，包括将社会群体安置在占地数英亩的森林围栏中。我们系统地记录了生活在这些森林围场中的科克雷尔猿猴 (Propithecus coquereli) 的觅食和放牧模式。科克雷尔狐猴是季节性果叶动物，在野外表现出惊人的摄食灵活性。它们也是 Indriidae 家族中少数坚持圈养的成员之一。在连续两年春季和夏季的全天追踪中，我们追踪了 6 个森林围栏中 14 只狐猴的行为。西法卡猫的活动范围和觅食模式反映了马达加斯加西部野生西法卡猫的情况：平均而言，DLC 西法卡猫三天的活动范围为 1.2 公顷，每天行走 473 米，并花费 26% 的时间寻找野生食物。西法卡主要以 39 种植物的幼嫩和成熟的叶子、果实、坚果和花朵为食，特别是红枫 (Acer rubrum)、郁金香杨 (Liriodendron tulipifera)、刺槐 (Robinia fakeacacia)、葡萄 (Vitis rotundifolia)、山核桃 (Caryaspp.) 和白橡 (Quercus alba)。觅食模式因季节、围栏区域和群体而异，可能反映了物候、微生境和个人偏好的差异。在证明圈养灵长类动物在生态相关条件下表现出类似野生行为的同时，我们的结果强调了科克雷尔狐猴的摄食灵活性。表现出一系列物种特异性行为的圈养野生动物是生态研究的关键资源，可能最适合未来的重新引入。
Captive wildlife benefit from ecologically informed management strategies that promote natural behaviors. The Duke Lemur Center has pioneered husbandry programs rooted in species' ecology for a diversity of lemurs, including housing social groups in multiacre forest enclosures. We systematically document the foraging and ranging patterns of Coquerel's sifakas (Propithecus coquereli) living in these forest enclosures. Coquerel's sifakas are seasonal frugo‐folivores that exhibit striking feeding flexibility in the wild. They are also one of the few members of the Indriidae family to persist in captivity. During all‐day follows in the spring and summer of 2 consecutive years, we tracked the behavior of 14 sifakas in six forest enclosures. The sifakas' ranging and foraging patterns reflected those of wild sifakas in western Madagascar: On average, DLC sifakas occupied 3‐day home ranges of 1.2 ha, traveled 473 m/day, and spent 26% of their time foraging for wild foodstuffs. The sifakas foraged most for young and mature leaves, fruits, nuts, and flowers from 39 plant species, especially red maple (Acer rubrum), tulip poplar (Liriodendron tulipifera), black locust (Robinia pseudoacacia), grapevine (Vitis rotundifolia), hickory (Caryaspp.), and white oak (Quercus alba). Foraging patterns varied across seasons, enclosure areas, and groups, potentially reflecting differences in phenology, microhabitats, and individual preferences. While demonstrating that captive‐bred primates express wild‐like behaviors under ecologically relevant conditions, our results underscore the feeding flexibility of the Coquerel's sifaka. Captive wildlife exhibiting the range of species‐specific behaviors are key resources for ecological research and might be best suited for future reintroductions.